Friday, May 31, 2019

Bruce Lee :: essays research papers

Bruce Lee is one of the most well cognize martial(a) artists in the world.Robert Clouse remembers his first meeting with Bruce Lee very vividly. Robert recalls that The first time he meet you, youd expect him to shake hands but instead hed step back and flick out his foot so fast you could feel the air move right at the tip of your nose. Then hed take your hand and place it on his stomach. It was resistant of his calling card.Bruce Lee is known around the world as being one of the best marital artists ever. Throughout his entire career in martial liberal arts, he only lost one fight. That fight occurred at the early age of only thirteen when he was attacked by a gang, and because of this he started upbringing in the martial arts. At an early age, Bruce Lee was already in show business. He appeared in his first painting at the age of deuce-ace months old. He then appeared in three movies at the age of six and later in childhood appeared in a few other films.However, his movie c areer did not end there. Later as an adult he stared in well known movies such as Fists of Fury, The Chinese Connection, Return of the Dragon, and draw in the Dragon. Not only was he in the movies, but he also wrote and directed some of them. He also appeared on television many times. His biggest mien on television was when he co-starred in the series called The Green Hornet.Now the thing about Bruce Lee is that he wasnt just some stuntman/actor, he really knew martial arts and knew them almost to perfection. He started out training in Wing Chun Kung-Fu. Later on he started the first Jun Fan Kung-Fu plant in Seattle, a second one in Oakland, and the third one in Los Angeles. He also has trained some very well known fighters such Chuck Norris and Kareem Abdul Jabar. Not only did he train in Kung-Fu, but he also developed his own style of martial arts called Jeet Kune Do, which means The art of the intercepting fist. This style included techniques from all styles of fighting, such as American Boxing, Thai Kick Boxing, and Japanese Karate. He wrote a couple books on his training and techniques in Kung-Fu and Jeet Kune Do. His most well known and mind blowing move is called the One-Inch Punch, this is where he would hold his arm straight out just an inch external from your body, and with a shrug of his shoulder, could knock a man straight across the ground.

Thursday, May 30, 2019

Huck Finn Analysis :: essays research papers

Huckleberry Finn AnalysisConflicts Man vs. Man-The man vs. man conflict is brought up many times through break through this story. The starting line that is posed is the conflict between Huckleberry and Pap. Pap is Huckleberrys abusive biological father, and an alcoholic to boot. He first comes in and tries to steal his sons fortune, scarcely so he can get drunk. Huckleberry is kidnapped by his father for a short time, and during this is beaten many times. Huckleberry eventually escapes as he saws his way verboten of a shed with an old saw he finds. He then kills a pig to fake his own death and smears blood all everywhere the shed so the story is more believable.Man vs. Nature-The conflict between man and nature in this book are shown many times, roughly occurring on the Mississippi River, as Huckleberry and Jim escape many towns. The first time it appears is when Jim predicts a storm coming. Two days later it does, and floods ensue. Jim and Huckleberry have to wait out for the next few days until the river recedes. Later on, Huckleberry loses Jim in a massive fog, but they are later reunited. Huckleberry makes up a false story explaining how he got lost, but Jim doesnt buy it. Man vs. Himself -The man vs. himself conflict is another conflict that is brought out through the story, as Huckleberry constantly challenges his morals with the way he is brought up, as a racist southern boy, and his own personal beliefs. The main point of this conflict is mostly based on the way society treats Jim. many times in the story, Huckleberry treats Jim poorly, merely because of his skin color, as he does such things as place a rattlesnake skin near Jim as he is sleeping, which ends in Jim with a snake bite. Also, since Jim is a slave, and his color, many references to the word nigger are plagued throughout the story, as he is being called one, and so are the put down of the black population. But thats where Huckleberrys conflict arises. He sees Jim as a nice, kind hear ted man (which he is) and wishes to set him free. But at the resembling time, he has his own prejudices as in chapter twenty-three, Huck has a revelation. Watching Jim mourn because of his far away family, Huck concludes that blacks must love their families as overmuch as whites love theirs.

Wednesday, May 29, 2019

Aids in American Youth :: Free AIDS Essays

Aids in the Statesn Youth There are more than 40 million people in the world with the disease known as assist(Bender 6). There are about 1 million people in America recorded to save the disease(Carasso). While anybody can get AIDS the people who are at the highest risk are youth between under the grow of 20 years old(Carasso). This epidemic which came about in the early 80s has become a deadly problem in our world today. When AIDS came about it is understood that it was only a gay disease in the 80s, which would cause for this disease to spread rapidly. With the gay community not world the most acknowledge group of people in this decade no hotshot cared that it was happening to them. The disease could have been drastically reduced if people would have known this virus wasnt passed by, sex nor was it a gay disease only. In fact the disease was initially known as GRID (Gay link Immune Disorder). In the 80s almost no one used condoms, which made it easy for the transmission, especially when people didnt know it was sexually translated. Aids has become a problem that every country is faced with, especially Africa with 1 out of 10 being effected with this virus. Some countries in Africa have nearly 50% of its population effected with this disease. The virus of AIDS could have been reduced drastically if people wanted to face the fact that it is sexually transmitted.The disease of AIDS can be passed from person to person several ways. The first, and the most common is through sexual intercourse. Sexual intercourse is by outlying(prenominal) the greatest risk for declarationing the disease. The reason that sex is the most common is because of the friction caused by having sex. For the most part women are more likely to contract the disease, in fact they have a 3 out of 4 chance to catch the disease to a males, 1 out of 4. The other study way, and probably the second leading way to contract the Virus is through sharing a drug needle. Using drugs su ch as Heroin which calls for an shooting of a liquid substance directly into a vein of a person can cause a major transition of blood from one person to another (DeCarlo, Lurie AIDS123).

An Ethical Responsibility Essay -- Essays Papers

An Ethical Responsibility Ethics and morality, two of the most important traits in an educated humans being, atomic number 18 interestingly not taught by schools. Ethics is defined, in Websters Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary, as the discipline dealing with what is good and what is bad. Morals ar defined in the same dicitonary as those principles of right and wrong in behavior. For Jonathan Kozol, in The Night Is Dark And I Am Far From Home, ethics and morals have similar meanings but extend to include a sense of compassion for others. I agree with his argument that the purpose of schooling is to educate an honorable human being a person who not only lives his life by facts and knowledge but also by ethics and morals. The need for schools to shell out ethics and morals is important in the 1990s, due to the emergence of the single-parent family. This new type of family, along with the family with two working parents, has caused the latch get word child to croak commonplace in many schools today. Since their parents are still working by the time they are dismissed from school, these young, elementary school children have a key to get into their homes everyday after school. Without parental supervision, they begin to believe that the decisions and actions in surreal comic books, popular, (at times pornographic), magazines, and violent television programs are acceptable. Such a situation results in children with a warped sense of reality, ethics, and moral, allowing them to easily become susceptible to delinquency. Proponents against the inclusion of ethics in schools argue that since ethics and morals are personal they should be taught in the home. However, for many of these children, an academic environment is the only place where they interac... ...e which do not. A child will be able to advert not only with his own mothers dying of cancer but also with another childs mother dying from cancer. The need for ethics and morality in reproduction is more i mportant now than ever before. The latch key child and single parent family have led schools to consider an ethical dilemma are they responsible for the ethical and moral education of children. To see an end to teenage pregnancy, violence, and death, schools must teach their students what is ethical and moral and what is not. To secure our future as a provacative, risk taking, concerned society schools must not consider an ethical dilemma but rather accept their ethical responsibility.Works Cited Carballo, Jose. Personal Interview. 20 Sept. 1997. Kozol, Jonathan. The Night is Dark and I am Far From Home. New York Simon and Schuster Inc., 1975.

Tuesday, May 28, 2019

Alexis de Tocquevilles Democracy in America :: American America History

Alexis de Tocquevilles Democracy in AmericaAlexis de Tocquevilles visit to the United States in the early part of the nineteenth century prompted his work Democracy in America, in which he expressed the ability to make democracy work. Throughout his travels Tocqueville noted that private interest and personal gain motivated the actions of most Americans, which in snatch cultivated a strong sense of individuation. Tocqueville believed that this individualism would soon sap the virtue of public life (395) and create a totalism of selfishness. This growth of despotism would be created by citizens becoming too individualistic, and therefore not bothering to fulfill their civic duties or exercise their freedom. Tocqueville feared that the political order of America would soon receive aimed at the satisfaction of individual needs, rather than the greater good of society. Alexis de Tocqueville viewed participation in public affairs, the growth of associations and newspapers, the princip le of self-interest properly understood, and religion as the only means by which American democracy could combat the effects of individualism. Given that despots deliver every interest in keeping people isolated, the individualism resulting from equality makes despotism a great danger to equality. Despotism... sees in the separation among men the surest guarantee of its continuance, and it usually makes every effort to keep them separate (399). physical exertion freedom through participation in public affairs is therefore extremely vital because it gives people a personal interest in intellection about others in society. Local self-governments are important because they draw people together, and it is therefore more likely that they will exercise their liberty. Tocqueville states that as soon as a man begins to treat of public affairs in public, he begins to perceive that he is not so independent of his fellow men as he had first imagined, and that in order to obtain their suppor t he must often lend them his cooperation (400). When people act together they frequently mixture dependencies on one another, especially when they are working for the good of the entire community. Another means by which Tocqueville believes it is possible to contest individualism is to form associations and salvage newspapers. He believes that like local governments, associations help people to realize their dependence on their fellow citizens and take interest in public affairs. It is crucial to have institutions and civic duties which force people to look beyond their own interests and think about the problems of the community.

Alexis de Tocquevilles Democracy in America :: American America History

Alexis de Tocquevilles Democracy in AmericaAlexis de Tocquevilles visit to the United States in the early part of the nineteenth century prompted his work Democracy in America, in which he expressed the ability to make democracy work. Throughout his travels Tocqueville mention that private interest and personal gain motivated the actions of most Americans, which in turn cultivated a strong sense of individualism. Tocqueville believed that this individualism would soon deplete the virtue of public life (395) and create a despotism of selfishness. This growth of despotism would be created by citizens becoming too individualistic, and thereof not bothering to converge their civic duties or exercise their freedom. Tocqueville feared that the political order of America would soon become aimed at the satisfaction of individual needs, rather than the greater good of society. Alexis de Tocqueville viewed mesh in public affairs, the growth of associations and newspapers, the principle of self-interest properly understood, and religion as the only means by which American democracy could combat the effectuate of individualism. Given that despots have every interest in keeping spate isolated, the individualism resulting from equality makes despotism a great danger to equality. Despotism... sees in the musical interval among men the surest guarantee of its continuance, and it usually makes every effort to keep them separate (399). Exercising freedom through participation in public affairs is therefore extremely vital because it gives people a personal interest in remembering about others in society. Local self-governments are important because they draw people together, and it is therefore more likely that they will exercise their liberty. Tocqueville states that as soon as a man begins to treat of public affairs in public, he begins to perceive that he is not so independent of his fellow men as he had first imagined, and that in order to obtain their support he mu st often lend them his cooperation (400). When people act together they frequently form dependencies on one another, especially when they are working for the good of the inherent community. Another means by which Tocqueville believes it is possible to contest individualism is to form associations and write newspapers. He believes that like local governments, associations help people to realize their dependence on their fellow citizens and take interest in public affairs. It is crucial to have institutions and civic duties which force people to look beyond their own interests and think about the problems of the community.

Monday, May 27, 2019

Dow’s Bid for Rohm and Haas Essay

Dow started as a manufacturer of commercial bleach in 1897, and was founded by Herbert Dow. He merged his order in 1900 with Midland Chemical, which runway to diversification of his portfolio to agricultural and food produces. In 1912, Dow started to pay dividends every quarter without any reductions or interruptions. By doing so, they were the only wad 200 firm that established these figures. Dow became a major player in the M&a field, since they acquired in the midst of 1983 and 2007 95 business, took stakes in 58 firms and divested 166 businesses. In 2006, Dows CEO Andrew Liveris announced the Dow of Tomorrow strategy, which compriseed of two pillars.One was pursuing an asset light approach to its commodity business. In order to do so, he signed a JV agreement with a subsidiary of the capital of Kuwait Petroleum Company, named Petroleum Industries Company. Dow and PIC signed a Memorandum of Understanding, which generated Dow a $7.2 zillion subsequently tax revenues. Second , Mr. Liveris wanted to build a extravagantly- issue and high-value added performance business. In order to achieve this objective, Dow agreed to purchase Rohm and Haas. This acquisition had the purpose for Dow to become a producer of high-value chemicals and advanced materials.Why does Dow want to buy Rohm and Haas?As mentioned in the introduction, CEO Andrew Liveris announced the Dow of Tomorrow strategy. This included becoming a high maturation and high-value added producer of specialty chemicals, with less cyclicality. Rohm and Haas fitted the picture perfectly, since they were an advanced material and specialty chemicals company, ope judge in 27 countries. Besides the amouring company profile description, on that point were several other reasonswhy Dow was interested in the Rohm and Haas company. Most important reason was that the acquisition would make Dow reduce its cyclicality and increase its developing prospects. Expanded product portfolios, change magnitude geograph ic market, improved market channels and innovative technologies allow for obtain the expected growth and cost synergies.Forecasts predict additional growth synergies de boundaryine between $2.0 and $2.6 one thousand thousand and $0.8 billion costs synergies, including shared services and goernance, manufacturing, supply chain and work process improvements. Besides the above-mentioned advantages, Dow and Rohm could be a world-wide leader in specialty chemicals and advanced materials if they combined forces. Also by combining their R&D, the development of new products and innovations could be stimulated. So general, Rohm and Haas fitted the picture communicate by Andrew Liveris perfectly. Rohm and Haas supported Dows commitment to maintain their highest standards in pursuing and selecting growth opportunities to satisfy their long-term shareholder set.Was $78 per share a presumable bid?In order to draw a conclusion of the reasonability of the bid, we imply to valuate Rohm and Haas as a firm with and without the synergies created by the acquisition. If this total value exceeds the $78 share price, Dow provide pay the price, since it impart be beneficial for them. The benefits of the synergies can be calculated by dividing it between the two firms on a nonuple or 50/50 basis.The excel file attached to the assignment contained a WACC of 8,5% based on a tax rate of 35%. In our analysis, we also calculated a WACC with a tax rate of 26%, since this was the average tax rate. This leads to a WACC of 8,7%. As a basis, we took 2% growth.Rohm and Haas had at cadence of the acquisition 195,200,000 shares outstanding. From the balance sheet of Rohm and Haas 2008H1, we took the values of exchange and debt (long and short term debt). Both inputs were needed in order to calculate the share price. Below, you can catch out how we calculated the share price for the spotlights with and without synergies.The synergies involved consist of two distinct types, namely g rowth and cost synergies. Growth synergies include expanded product portfolios, increased geographic reach, improved market channels and innovative technologies. These synergies are expected to create between 2 and 2.6 billion dollars, which gives an average of 2.3 billion. Second, potential cost synergies consist of purchasing synergies, shared services and governance, manufacturing & supply chain improvements and work process optimization. These synergies are expected to generate 0.8 billion dollar. The values of these synergies combined totals a 3.1 billion dollar gross benefit, which is a netted by deducting the 1.3 billion cost of implementation, leaving a value of 1.8 billion dollars.In order to make the intimately suitable valuation and draw the best conclusion for the reasonability of the share price of $78, we take the original and revised forecast into account. Both disciplines are also employ for the sensitivity analysis to be as specific as possible. Below are the sen sitivity analyses of Rohm and Haas for the original forecasts.Based on our assumptions, share price of Rohm and Haas is $55.79 without synergies and $65.01 with synergies. These values differ a little from the share price we found in our valuation analysis, however this is due to rounding and number of decimals difference in WACC and growth percentages. Lowest value without synergies is $47.10 with a growth of 1% and a WACC of 9% and a highest share price of $95.58 with a growth of 3% and a WACC of 7%. If we now look at the original forecast with synergies, we see an increased share price, which is logical, since value is created by the synergy. The share price of Rohm and Haas is $65.01 based on the growth rate of 2% and a WACC of 8.7%. The share price differ between lowest value of $56.32 and highest value of $104.80, based on the same input as with the analysis with no synergies.In both drives, the share price is below $78 so if Dow offers this price in both situations, the will not cabbage from this acquisition. However, we will still perform the 50/50 and multiples valuation in order to see which is the best in the situation if Dow is obliged to acquire Rohm and Haas. flavour atcase were synergies are created and using the 50/50 method, we get a share price of $55.79 + ($65.01 $55.79)/2 = $60.4. As we already mentioned, this price does not match the $78. Now using the gross profit of Rohm and Haas as a percentage of the gross profit of both companies combined, we get a multiple of 26.11%. employ this 0,2611 multiple, the appropriate share price is $55.79 + (0,2611 * (65.01 $55.79)) = $58.20 Again, this is below the share price of $78, which makes the outcomes of both methods unfavorable for Dow.Now let us look at the revised forecast. Since this is a post-crisis forecast, predictions were lowered, which lead to a lower overall value. Hence, this will be reflected in our sensitivity analysis by lower share prices. Below are our findings.As already pr edicted, share prices are lower in the revised forecast due to the crisis adjustments. For the sake of the case, we will also perform a 50/50 and multiples calculation. If we look at the 50/50 share price, we get a share price of $41.38 + ($50.60 $41.38)/2 = $45.99. The multiples basis will give us a share price of $41.38 + (0,2661 * ($50.60 $41.38)) = $43.79.Reviewing both forecasts and within these forecasts both with and without synergy, we can conclude that a share price of $78 is not reasonable. This conclusion holds in the case of 50/50 and multiples calculations.Major pass ons risks and allocationWe will pay special attention to Exhibit 4 when examining the major risks and their respective allocations. The first risk comes from the souvenir 1.01 describing the financing of the conduct. Dow will issue a fixed amount of $4 billion in convertible preferred stocks to Berkshire, Hathaway and Kuwait Investment Authority. This amount is free lance of the current stock price of Dow, meaning that a drop in Dows share price would need more(prenominal) shares to pay for the toilet, decreasing the coitus voting rights of current shareholders. To be even more precise, in split up 2.1a it states that no matter what happens Dow has to pay $78 dollar per share at the clipping of the coalition, transferring all the financialrisk to Dow.Furthermore, a large part of the get by is financed with a $13 billion loan, issued by a consortium of 19 money boxs lead by Citigroup, Merrill Lynch and Morgan Stanley, increasing their leverage ratio and overall risk of the company. These high debt values come with high interest payments, leaving fewer silver to reach its dividend obligations. In a possible economic downturn this problem becomes larger, increasing the probability of not meeting their dividend payments which hold not been changed for over 97 years.A further interesting statement is the tick fee to ensure the shroud would close. When the deal is not clo sed before January 10, 2009, the payment per share will increase with 8% annually, translating to a higher deal price of approximately $3 million more per day until the deal is closed. In addition if the deal is not closed before October 10, 2009, Dow has to pay $750 million departure fee. This will, again, transfer all the risk to Dow if the deal cannot be closed before October 10, 2009.In paragraph 3.1 the Material Adverse Effect article states that Dow is allowed to withdraw from the transaction if the business, operations or financial conditions of Rohm is hit by a material adverse effect. This seems sightly but there is a large set of exceptions made in the clause for which Dow cannot withdraw from the transaction, including the following events any event which affects the chemical industry, macro scrimping as a whole, the financial, debt, credence or security market, any decline in Rohms stock price or any failure to meet internal or make projections. So, in case of an ec onomic downturn mainly Dow is affected and not Rohm. Roam and Haas are even protected from a decline in their share price. Thus, these statements will, again, transfer al some all the risk to DowFurthermore, Dow takes on another risk by relying on the joint venture with Kuwaits PIC to finance $7 billion of the deal. They do not take into account the first step that this joint venture could fail due to i.e. a downturn in the overall economy. If it fails it leaves a gap of $7 billion in their financing plan, exposing Dow to even more risk.Finally, the overall high price and ticking clauses make it a risky deal when compared to the expected synergies. The probability of achieving all expected synergies is a magnitude smaller than the probability of high costs, which is certain. It leaves Dow exposed to a possibly large loss when the expected synergies are not met in the future.The only risk that Rohm and Haas face is the possible termination of the deal from their side if the deal is i.e. taking too long. They have to pay a $600 million termination fee if the decide to do so. Other than that, considering the mentioned risk allocations from above, the total risk of this deal is mainly resting on the shoulders of Dow Chemical.CEO recommendationsTo give a complete view of the plectrons that both CEOs had at the time we will first describe the situation they were in. curtly after the deal announcement the financial crisis started, causing an overall recession including in the chemical industry. Dow was hit on many fronts overall share prices dropped with over 50%, a fourth quarter loss of $1.6 billion, quarterly sales decline of 23% and a drop in operating rate to 44% in 2008. Forcing Dow to close off 20 facilities and firing over 5000 employees. Furthermore, after the joint venture deal was closed with KPCs PIC, the failing oil prices and overall recession caused KPC to terminate the contract by paying a termination fee of $2.5 billion to Dow. This caused a gap i n the financial plan for the conjugation for Dow, decreasing their stock price even further and degrading their rating to BBB.As mentioned before, Dow was not the only one affected by the economic recession. Rohm was set about a poor performance as well, forcing it to fire over 900 employees, freeze spending and a 20% decline in sales.Considering the above, Dow refused to close the deal with Rohm and Haas after approval from the European Commission and U.S. Federal Trade Commission. Arguing that the recent macro-economic developments are material adverse effects, enabling them to terminate the deal.Options and recommendation for Dows CEO, Andrew LiverisConsidering the situation as described above, Liveris had three different options continue with the termination of the deal, close the deal for $78 per share or negociate with Rohm and Haas to agree on different terms. If Dow continues to terminate the deal it will go to court for the approval by the judge. It needs to win in court otherwise Dow is forced to commit to the deal. habituated the statements enclosed in the material adverse effect clause, the chances for Dow to win are pretty slim. If Liveris opts to close the deal for $78 per share he will need a lot of additional cash. Considering the economic situation, and the fact that the joint venture failed, acquiring this amount of additional cash will be very hard.The possibility to acquire more debt through the already existing bridge bank loan from 19 different banks is pretty small considering the low credit rating of BBB. If he does succeed in acquiring more debt he will probably not be able to meet the net-debt-to-total-capitalization restriction in the covenant. This is, agree to the first loan of $13 billion, required to be lower than 65% which they will not be able to meet, thus not creating incentives for the banks to lend more money.Considering the above, terminating the deal will not be possible and closing the deal for $78 per share lacks f inancing. The best option Andrew Liveris thus has is to renegotiate the merger deal and buy some time. He will then be able to look for other sources of financing or renegotiate the already existing bank loan. One possible option could be to sue KPC for terminating the joint venture and claiming the $2.5 billion, which in turn could finance the termination fee. Considering that this will destroy the relationship between these two companies this would not be recommended.Options and recommendation for the CEO of Rohm and Haas, Raj Gupta The situation for Raj Gupta is a bit simpler either sue Dow for not completing the deal or renegotiate with Dow to postpone the deal. Both having different advantages and disadvantages.The first option is to go to court and continue the case that Dow has to complete the deal or otherwise pay the termination fee. Considering theexceptions stated in the material adverse effect clause that macro-economic effects and effect on the chemical industry in gene ral are excluded from this clause, Gupta will have a strong case and is likely to prevail in court. Committing Dow to the deal or otherwise paying the termination fee of $750 million.The second option is to renegotiate the deal with Dow. The most important disadvantage considering this option is that it would almost certainly come to a deal which is less favorable for Rohm and Haas when compared to the original deal. Which term should be reconsidered? For example, a lower price per share would decrease the expected value for the shareholders. Shareholders will not vote for such a deal, especially the Haas family who owns 30% of the company and is waiting to exit for $78 a share. The only option, although shareholders will not be amused in the least, is to delay the due date of the deal, preserving the congruity between the companies.Even if Gupta will win in court, the possibility that the deal will go through considering the financing problems of Dow is still small. Rohm and Haas will in this case only receive the termination fee of $750 million. Gupta obviously wants the deal to go through and so do the shareholders of Rohm and Haas, enabling them to exit the company and receiving a high premium while doing so. Terminating the deal will negatively affect both companies and their shareholders. Therefore it would be better for Gupta to facilitate any possibility that the deal will go through, even implying a possible decrease in price per share. Our recommendation thus is to renegotiate the deal, making sure that it succeeds. The premium for the shareholders might be lower but both companies can benefit from the acquired synergies and shareholders can still opt to exit.Resolving the legal disputeConsidering the above, it would have been in the best interest of both companies to renegotiate the deal. However, Rohm and Haas decided to continue their trail against Dow Chemicals. The judge will therefore make a decision based upon the facts presented to him.Based on the facts alone, the most likely option for me, William B. Chandlerthe Third, Chancellor in the Delaware Court of Chancery, is to enforce the merger contract between the two parties. In particular, the specifics of the Material Adverse Effect clause in paragraph 3.1 state that the MAE clause does not include the following events any event which affects the chemical industry, macro economy as a whole, the financial, debt, credit or security market, any decline in Rohms stock price or any failure to meet internal or published projections. To be more specific the argument according to Dow that the recent material developments have created unacceptable uncertainties on the funding and economics of the combined enterprise, justifying the termination of the deal, is overruled by the specific performance clause in paragraph 3.1.Therefore, the specific performance clause, as requested by Rohm and agreed upon by Dow, is binding and hereby enforced. The merger will be executed as planned. Dow will have several different options to solve the financing issue, cutting dividends, renegotiating debt and other means to generate cash could be used. If the deal is not closed before January 10, 2009, as stated in the contract, Dow will pay a ticking fee of 8% per annum.Dow should have been more careful drawing up the contract as it is signed and before me today. Since the possibility of an economic downfall is especially stated in the deal clause, I will make no exception and hereby conclude that the Dow will meet all deal requirements as stated in the contract. each penny has to sides, if you risk it, you could lose it. Thank you. *slams the hammer*

Sunday, May 26, 2019

Musket Wars

The first major cause of the Musket Wars was the presentment of European Technology, particularly Muskets. This changed the economy of Maori society, as they had no form of cash so trade was their means to gain power and wealth This created the danger of one tribe, in this case Nga Puhi growing increasingly powerful and influential, therefore their supplies of these muskets and weaponry growing exponentially in size. In 1821 Nga Puhi leader Hongi Hika acquired 300 muskets after trading them for his gifts he received from the King of England.This became a turning point in the Wars as it gave him overwhelming power for his tribe in the North. Muskets greatly altered the way in which Maori fought battles, as these muskets could cause far more death and demise than previous weaponry used by the Maori. Historians such as Angela Ballara argue that the Muskets were not the cause of the actual start of the War, the war could just as well be called Potato wars as many Maori fought for foo d supply, but because of the destructive nature of the muskets, without their role the Wars could have taken a very different path.The introduction of Muskets also amplified tensions between Nga Whatua and Nga Puhi, as Nga Puhi acquired more and more muskets, other tribes particularly Nga Whatua felt threatened by the potential use of these muskets, and confrontation between these instantaneously heavily armed tribes became inevitable. The colonization of NZ by Europeans and subsequent consequences support the Fatal Impact theory, which states that impact of European society on Maori lead to the worldwide downfall of Maori, but it is impossible to blame the Musket Wars entirely on European impact.Prior to European contact the Maori had a well-established political system between iwis. For them war was an essential part of this, as a means of declaring land ownership. Wars were fought quickly between short distances, resulting in fewer deaths. The first war fought with muskets was the battle of Moremanui in 1908, when Nga Whatua secured a victory of Nga Puhi, as they tried to reload their muskets.The leader of Nga Puhi Hongi Hika wished to execute revenge on Ngati Whatua for the defeat, thus leading to his acquisition of muskets and intertribal warfare. The conclusion can be made that the Maori pre-established political system of which war was an integral part, was a major compute leading to the intertribal warfare of the Musket Wars, but European impact was the factor that made the warfare so destructive and lead to the many fatalities.

Saturday, May 25, 2019

Initial Teaching Assignment Essay

In my role as a tutor of support teaching and learning in schools my responsibilities include promoting cognitive elaboration *Cognitive psychology is concerned with the various mental activities which result in the acquisition and processing of information by the learner. Its theories involve a perception of the learner as a purposive individual in continuous interaction with his social and psychological environment.( l.b.curzon (2003). teaching in further education. 6th ed. london continuum. 35.) Holding a good knowledge of outside agencies that whitethornbe used when an issue is outside of my knowledge or expertise.These may include N.S.P.C.C, medical teams including GPs, health visitors ect, councillors, learning support workers, banks, building societies and the student finance England information for funding or loan advice, police, fire serve and social services. All of these outside agencies could be used for supporting my learners and for them to use in their role as a teach ing assistant as they atomic number 18 working with children and young people. I work towards promoting social and emotional development, encouraging learners and rewarding them during tasks, discussions, production of work whilst developing into a responsible teaching assistants. being reliable is paramount to learners giving them a sense of belonging and security that I would al managements be there to discuss any issues or concerns with them, specially if the issue is a delicate one.Showing my learners that I can promote equality by letting them have every opportunity to attend and inscribe in every aspect of the lesson is also giving them opportunity to express their own ideas and personality. I myself am always looking to learn and gaining skills from learners is another way of learning and promoting diversity. Every learner is different and giving them opportunity to share their ways and knowledge and including these skills to improve their learning and adding to their new career in a positive way encourages diversity. Understand own responsibility for maintaining a safe and supportive learning environment.

Friday, May 24, 2019

Millers exploration of the American Dream in Death of A Salesman Essay

In the light of critical opinions discuss moth millers exploration of the American ideate in Death of A Salesman in relation to the constitutions of Willy and scoke Loman. Focus upon the ideas of success and fai win within the American inhalation in relation to Millers portrayal of Willys idolisation of Biff and the effect this has on Biffs feel.The term The American Dream by its actu every(prenominal)y nature is an unrealistic phrase. The use of the news show hallucination reflects the fact that although it is an aspirational concept it may not actually be achieved by the majority of the American population. Some may urge that it is a dream born of a scheme, which aims to exploit the hardworking peck of America. In his critique of Death of A Salesman Leonard Moss states Is he (Miller) not attacking in short, a agreement that is geared to exploit the uncouth man?? There are clearly instances within the track down where the writer suggests it is impossible for Willy to achieve the dream. Although the concept of the American Dream is thought to result in equality amongst a nation of immigrants, it may be perceived as being dictatorial. This is because it is telling Americans how to live their lives and although whiz scarcelyt of the American Dream may be to achieve freedom, it may in actual fact be oppressing those in pursuit of it.The American Dream is explored end-to-end Death of A Salesman. Willy deludes himself into thinking that the American Dream is easy to obtain and will result in success for him. He believes that it will all rise to him easily and that he is deserving of it. scarcely realistically, he pins his hopes on the American Dream so much that it is the reason behind his demise. Willys faith in the American Dream remains strong although his own son confronts him with reality by saying Will you take that dream and burn it before something happens? (Page 102 feat 2). As one critic states, the play romanticizes the rural-agarian dream but does not make it genuinely available to Willy?.This implies that the American Dream has a purpose to lure Americans into a false sense of security believing that they can achieve the American Dream and financial success. This can be seen in the play as Willy fully believes in the concept of the American Dream but he doesnt give up any hope of achieving it. The play focuses on the American Dream and emphasizes what is perceived as success. Biff describes his desire to work in the country and be free We dont belong in this nuthouse of a city We should be mixing cement on some open plain (Page 43 flake 1) whereas Willys perception of success leads him to believe that he will automatically receive fame and fortune with commercial success. In contrast Biff wishes to live a simple aliveness like that of the start figure in the American Dream myth.This brings us to ask another question What can be defined as success in the American Dream? For some it could mean that hard wo rk and endurance results in financial security, acceptance and quality. The idea of success is very ambiguous as it could have different meanings to the individuals who exigency to achieve it as their lives are individual to them. The whole life of the Loman family is dominated by this mans idea of success?. Willy is in constant pursuit of the American Dream.Willy believes as long as he appears confident he will be liked by other people and that they will be buying into him as opposed to his products Because the man who makes an appearance in the business world, the man who creates personal interest, is the man who gets ahead (Page 20 Act 1). He bases his work ethic on a successful salesman who had many people come to his funeral as he was very popular. However, at Willys funeral, he proves to be almost entirely friendless. Willy has deluded himself into thinking that he is so popular and well liked but it is suggested that self interest in society prevents steamy attachments.A k ey example of success is Ben. Willy is living in Bens shadow as he is the successful brother. He had the opportunity to go to Alaska with Ben but declined to stay in America. Ben was part of a team that discovered diamonds in the jungle and consequently earnt a fortune from this. Biff wants to soul search and take note his place in society, but at the age of 34 he has not yet done so. Although, as a child, Biff appears to be popular and successful he finds that he cannot conform to society and is still trying to find somewhere he fits in. Biff challenges his fathers expectations of him by enquire Why am I trying to become what I dont want to be? (Page 99 Act 2). Miller is perhaps suggesting that sparing instability results in the repression of individuality.Willy pins all his hopes on Biff. Willy Loman suddenly sees how deeply his own son could care for him. This discovery pushes him to the final extreme of his illusion, crying out That son that boy is going to be magnificent an d Ben, hell worship me for it?. He spots the potential in Biff and then begins to live his failed dreams through Biff. He puts a lot of pressure on Biff to succeed. This damages their relationship and may also have resulted in Biffs kleptomaniac tendencies (possibly a sign of rebellion). Biff initially appears to be the all American boy who is capable of achieving the American Dream but the play shows how the most promising of people can ultimately plough out to be nothing in lifeRichard J. Foster states Biff, who in the play as an amplification of reflection of Willys problems, has been nurtured on Willys dreams too. But he has been forced to see the truth?. Willy idolised Biff when he was a child as he seemingly had everything and the potential in life to succeed. Willy tries to make himself a better person by making Biff successful. Subconsciously, Willy has realised that he has failed in life and will not achieve the American Dream, yet he fails to publically admit this both to himself and his family. Biff is able to see that neither he nor Willy can achieve the American Dream and tries to let Willy know this indirectly Biff realizes Willy had the wrong dreams. In accepting the truth about his father, Biff is able to make a decision about his upcoming based on a realistic view of his capabilities?. He rebels from his fathers ideals of success and trends of life and this could possible be a way in which he is trying to tell his father that they cannot achieve the American Dream.The theme of unconditional support in the midst of father and son is explored in the play. The character of Willy Loman is the the little salesman with a pathetic belief in his worthless son?. As Willy is living his dreams through Biff, his love for Biff is great. He is willing to do whatever it takes to get Biff to accomplish something in life. When Biff is failing in Maths, Willy encourages him to cheat, and this re nowadayss the lengths that Willy would go to, to help Biff. Th ats because he likes you. If somebody else took that ball on that channelised be an uproar (Page 17 Act 1). Willy almost encourages Biffs bad behaviour and excuses it because of his popularity. Willys father leftfield him when he was a child.Moreover, he left no money or legacy to be passed onto Willy and Ben. This may have been the point in Willys life in which he began to suffer a social injustice as he felt determined to make something of himself to pass onto further generations to free them from the hardship that he suffered. As Willy does not achieve this Biff is his last hope of having success associated with him. Because his father left him as a child with nothing, he is determined to get Biff to achieve something so that the Loman name is held with game regard. The name Loman is somewhat ironic as its individual components are low-man. This is significant in the play as it represents the common man and someone of low status who may be stereotyped as being unsuccessful in life and will amount to nothing.The neediness of success and achievements in Willys life have resulted in shifts between the past and present in his mind. The shifts between past and present represent a time when Willys life was promising and the American Dream was attainable. They also symbolize the irrational state of Willys mind. He is stuck in the past as it comforts him in times of trouble. He reminisces over, what seemed to be, his prime as both a salesman and a father. When the play is performed, it appears to be very rational and realistic when Willy walks through a wall for example, and this signifies how real these shifts are in Willys mind. They show the irrational mental state of Willy. Willy is confused about where he is going in life and his mind is in a state of confusion.The shifts between past and present may indicate his inability to cope with his life in the present and moreover may be a way for him to escape his troubles in the present day. Willy is the dreamy s alesman whose imagination is much larger than his sales ability? and this relates to the shifts between past and present. His imagination may lead him to a world in which he has no fears and feels that his life is fulfilling. In contrast to this, the language he uses is very simplistic.Willy expresses himself through statements and clichs that are repeated so frequently that they border on monotonous with one example being Ill make it all up to you Linda, Ill - (Page 25, Act 1) The shifts also reveal the truth, which is not distorted by Willys perceptions of events. This is a key aspect in the play as the rest of the play is influenced by Willy or Biffs take on events. The shifts between past and present are an example of expressionism in which Miller explores the psychological state of Willy.A number of motifs are present in the play which are used to represent American materialism. One of which are the stockings. When Willy has a flashback into the past he is with The Woman who he has bought new stockings for. However, in the present Linda is mending her stockings. This epitomizes Willys inability to provide for his family. An additional motif demonstrating the same point is the fridge. The use of both of these points shows that Willy has been stripped of his masculinity.The flute is used extremely effectively as an expressionist device in Death of A Salesman. It expresses the mood of the play at a particular moment. At the start of the play A melody is heard, played upon a flute (Page 1 Act 1). The flute gives a feeling of spring and optimism, generally a joyous tone. There is a sharp contrast between the innocence of the initial melody and the description of Willys house which is overshadowed by an angry glow of orange (Page 1, Act 1).The flute is significant in the play as it focuses on stages in Willys life and notifies the audience of the nature of the scene. The audience is informed that Willys absent father played the flute and at this point new music is heard, a high rollicking tune. This might imply that Willys father was a happy go lucky salesman and it lays emphasis on the fact that Willy is not, adding to his many insecurities. The flute is quite sombre/sinister towards the end of the play. Willy commits suicide as the car speeds off the music crashes down in a frenzy of sound which becomes the hushed pulsation of a single cello string (Page 105, Act 2).The final concept to consider is failure in the American Dream. Is the individual or the system to point for the failure of the American Dream? It could be argued that if the individual is gullible enough to be taken in by the American Dream, they have no-one to blame but themselves if they fail. Failure in the American Dream may represent the naivety of the American population. The system is not the one to blame Willy can only when blame himself for not becoming what he wanted to be?. This supports the idea that the American Dream exists but it can only be achieved if th e individual adapts the American Dream to their life and is willing to work hard to achieve it.Denial plays a key part in Willys lack of success in achieving the American Dream. He refuses to acknowledge that he is a failure. An example of this in the play is where Willy says that hell buy a new tape recorder (like the one Howard has) even though he is fully aware that he has no money to pay for it. The Lomans have unrealistic ideas of success.To Willy, the foundation of success is not education or hard work but rather who you know and the smile on your face?. Willy is a proud man who doesnt want others to perceive him as a failure, as this would force him to confront reality, whereas he prefers to live in a world where he conceals his problems and keeps a false guise that everything is fine. Biff, like Willy, ignores aspects of reality that do not fit in with his ideals Youre a youre an idealist (Page 11 Act 1). Some may argue that the system is to blame but ultimately he creates his own destiny. Faith in the system motivated him throughout his life but towards the end it left him tired to the death (Page 2 Act 1)Reference List.? ? ? ? Craig M. Garrison The System and the American Dream *DEATH OFA Salesman* (Online) http//playwrites.net/salesman1.html? ? Bamber Gascoigne (1962) Twentieth Century Drama. Hutchinson &Co.? ? K. Linderholm (1995) The American Dream. (Online)http//members.aol.com/sunny2345/salesman.html Accessed 01/12/2005? Leonard Moss (1980) Arthur Miller. Brief excerpt from the preface(Online) * J.C. Trewin (English Reviewer) Drama. Winter, 1949BibliographySpark Notes (Online) http//www.sparknotes.com/lit/salesman/Garrison, M. Craig The System and the American Dream *DEATH OFA Salesman* (Online) http//playwrites.net/salesman1.htmlGascoigne, Bamber (1962) Twentieth Century Drama. Hutchinson &Co.Linderholm, K (1995) The American Dream. (Online)http//members.aol.com/sunny2345/salesman.html Accessed 01/12/2005Moss, Leonard (1980) Arthur Miller. Br ief excerpt from the preface(Online) http//www.writing.upenn.edu/afilreis/50s/miller-into.htmlTrewin , J.C. (English Reviewer) Drama. Winter, 1949Carson, Neil. (1982) Arthur Miller. Macmillan Modern Dramatists. Chapter 4 Death of A Salesman, pp.44-59Wikipedia (Online) http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_a_Salesmanhttp//www.bellmore-merrick.k12.ny.us/death.htmlMiller, Arthur (1958) From the Introduction to Collected Plays. Pp. 22-37

Thursday, May 23, 2019

Pet Overpopulation Epidemic

Persuasive Speech Topic Pet Over community Epidemic prevalent Purpose To persuade. Specific Purpose To persuade my audience that the public is to blame for the court overpopulation epidemic. Central Idea In bon ton to control the overwhelming population of homeless c atomic number 18sss, we need to stop throwing our family friends away. There are 1. 5 go afters and sanctifys put to sleep every second & 4-6 million dogs and cats are euthanized every year, states the Humane Society. The pet overpopulation epidemic has become more than overwhelming. But who is at fault for the ever increasing number of homeless and euthanized pets each year?The public, government and breeders all realize their hand in this catastrophic epidemic. So who is to blame for this epidemic? Since government intervention has caused more harm than foul, what leave need to change in order for anything to improve? The pet overpopulation epidemic is non a myth, not something to be swept under the rug or shamelessly forgotten. This epidemic is our making and hence our responsibility. So where does the problem really lie? One would think its 100% the fault of breeders and those multitudes of litters. But no, that is not the route of the problem, not by a prospicient shot.Breeders are the effect of the problem, and the massive pet overpopulation is the aftermath. Yes, breeders, as a whole, are elevation more litters than there are homes for, yet, they are selling them. So wherefore is that, why are breeders selling their litters when theres a worldwide pet overpopulation problem? Because commonwealth do not look at the purchase of a whelp or kitten as a lifelong commitment. Puppies and kittens are so cute, most are purchased on impulse. Who could, after all, resist that cute critical baptistry? Yes, the problem lies with the oecumenical public who, do not research, and buy these pets without thoroughly thinking it through.Without doing their homework on the type of pet they sh ould get, and without taking the time to suss out what a dog really call for in order to be that perfect dog. They later Get Rid of their pet, passing them onto rescues or pounds. Later, most will end up Testing Out a different type of pet. The vast majority of people, who adopt a puppy or kitten, do not keep the animal for life. If this were to turn around and most people were to actually keep their pets through the good times and the bad, as they do their own nestlingren, the want for these animals would go down.With less of a demand, breeders would not breed as many litters. Breeders are only breeding as many litters as they do, because people are buying them. The demand for a cute little puppy or kitten is great, because people do not keep the animal for life. Animals are recycled. If a breeder had a litter and could not sell the puppies, they would not keep having litter after litter. People are buying them, so breeders are breeding them. In a perfect world, breeders would breed less and force people to adopt from an animal rescue, but this is not a perfect world.The solution lies with the general public educating themselves, supply and demand, thats the solution. Lessen the demand and the supply will, on its own, lessen. The power lies within each and every cardinal of us. Scripted by Kim Sturla (of the San Mateo ordinance fame) and her uninterrupted cross-country junketing preaching her message The problem is simple we have too many dogs and cats. Too many for too few homes. Another contributing factor out to this huge problem is government intervention. The state run dog pounds make it way took easy to unload the responsibility of owning a pet onto some integrity else.Most people could Get Rid of their dogs in one day. Almost anyone can take their pets to the pound. It is very easy to Get Rid of a dog or cat at a local state run hide shelter (dog & cat pound), but its not so easy to adopt a dog from one. Some years back my cousin went to a sta te run dog pound near his work and tried to adopt a dog. He was told it was the dogs last day, yes it was going to be killed the next day. My husband told the shelter he wanted to adopt the dog. Upon doing his paperwork he was told he could not adopt the dog because he didnt live in that county.He explained he worked down the street, didnt live in the county but worked there. No, that was not acceptable he was not allowed to adopt the dog. The pound was going to kill the dog, but would not adopt it out to a man who lived in the next county over. These state run pounds have all kinds of rules and restrictions in place for adopting a pet, but not for dumping one. Yes, they will take your pet, and they will also kill it for you. Know if you take your dog or cat to one of these pounds chances are extremely high it will be dead in a month.The majority of cats and dogs who are taken to this state run kill shelters are not adopted out, but are killed. One might as well save the tax payers some money and kill the animals themselves. Sound harsh? Yes, it is, so dont take your pets to the pound. You took on this responsibility, now you must deal with it without dumping your problems onto someone else. What needs to change, the attitude of the general public. When one decides to buy a cute little puppy or kitten, the decision should be looked at as a 10-15 year commitment.If one cannot, or does not, wish to commit this amount of time to a dog or cat, do not buy a puppy or kitten, and then pass your problem off to someone else when it grows up and the mail does not work out as you envisioned it would. Just like when one decides to have a human baby, things will not be perfect. The child will not be perfect. They will be expensive and press us to the end with issues to deal with. Dogs and cats are not disposable and they are not all the same. Chances are, a type of dog that will fit into your lifestyle will not be the type of dog that will fit into your neighbors lifestyl e.Sometimes there is no type of dog that will fit into your lifestyle, and if you want a pet, its time to consider something else, something less demanding. This research should be done before you adopt a pet, it should not be a trial and error experience. With the internet so readily available, there is no exculpation for not researching BEFORE adopting a pet. It should be made harder to dump unwanted animals off at these state pounds, putting more responsibility on the pet owner. Maybe than people would think twice almost buying a puppy or kitten when they were not sure if they were ready for the responsibility of owning one for life.These state run shelters are hurting the pet overpopulation problem more than they are helping. The world would be a better place if there were not an easy place to dump your pets after you got tired of them. Let private no kill rescues work with people who think they want to dump their dog. It needs to be harder for someone to dump an unwanted pet and never look back. If you would like to try owning a dog or cat, but are not sure if you are a dog / cat person, start with a full grown homeless dog or cat rather than adopting a puppy or kitten.Grown cats and dogs are easier to care for than kittens and puppies and you will not be contributing to the overpopulation problem should you decide it was not something you should have taken on. There are millions of wonderful dogs and cats that need homes. People who adopt a cute little puppy or kitten without researching, how a dog thinks, the type of pet they are getting, the care, time and responsibility it will need, and end up Getting Rid of your pet after it has outgrown that cute puppy or kitten stage, using one of the many common excuses for not keeping a pet, it is you who are the problem for the worlds pet overpopulation.Bibliography American Humane Association. Adoption & Pet Care Issues and information. 2009. 5 11 2010 . Avery, Gladys. Overpopulation The Importance of Spayi ng and Neutering. 22 July 2007. I Heart Paws. 5 November 2010 . Humane Society. Pet Over Population. 2010. 18 11 2010 . Mansuso, Judie. One of the most frequent questions asked about SB 250 is. n. d. SB250. 5 November 2010 . Pennington, Ian. Facts on Pet Overpopulation. n. d. Eziine rticles. 10 11 2010 . Sadler, Anna. Pet Overpopulation A Self-Fulfilling Prophecy? September 1994. The Cat Fanciers Association, Inc. 10 11 2010 .

Wednesday, May 22, 2019

Evaluation of Three Lesson Plan Templates for ELT

T each(prenominal)ing English as a Second Language (ELT) is a demanding job that is currently experiencing too few teachers to fill the jobs out there. As more and more foreign students enter United States Schools, experienced teachers will be needed to fill these slots. Thus, training ELT teachers is of the utmost concern for education de fall inments in colleges and universities throughout the country. Clearly, tools, strategies and support must be made available to these unfermented teachers so that they can focus their time on teaching the students. A unspoiled lesson political program template will go a long bureau in easing the burden on the ELT teacher.This essay will focus on the three lesson plan templates submitted for instructing ELT septes. These templates will be analyzed and evaluated for the following components 1) identification of lesson and objectives 2) strategies and methods, 3) equipment and materials needed, 4) use of technology, 5) reinforcement and enrich ment, 6) structural format, 7) overall efficiency of use.These criteria atomic number 18 important in the development of a viable lesson plan and will aid new ELT teachers in preparing thorough and appropriate lessons. After that, the lesson plans will be assessed based on their strengths and weaknesses followed by some overall suggestions for improvement for both the individual lesson plan templates and for all three templates together.General DescriptionVisually this lesson plan provides a enlarged musical composition blank with topic indicators down the left hand margin, except for the date and time in the upper right hand corner. This lesson identifies the basic class/date/time schooling. Then it provides a spot for aims and new lexis. It then provides a spot for needed equipment, materials and preparation before class begins. Then the plan gives a two columned table for the method of the lesson and the time it will take. Finally, the plan gives a spot for the homework and comments on the lesson.StrengthsThe strengths of this lesson include its inclusion of the new words to learn, which is important to the ELT classroom and the initial mention of the aims, which we can assume are the objectives. The timing out of each part of the lesson on the table is in any case important. One of the most valuable parts of the plan is its reflection section at the bottom. Comments on the lesson are vital to reworking it for the next presentation.WeaknessesThis lesson plan is spaced oddly. It does non provide enough room for the method section. Organization seems a bit off as well. The equipment and materials separate the method of the lesson from its aims and new words of study. It is hard to announce from the methods section what exactly will be come abouting this leaves a lot for the teacher to write in on a daily basis.Suggestions for ImprovementI would move the Methods section up under the Aims and New Lexis subheadings. This way, the entire lesson is presen ted as a unit rather than broken up by the materials and equipment needed. I would similarly consider moving the Before the Class heading to the top, so that it can be completed the day before. After that, the lesson is still linear. Also consider this if the lesson of all time contains a section for, say, oral repetition of new words followed by visual images of the words, these two subheadings could be typed in to save time in writing out the lesson plan.General DescriptionThis lesson plan template uses six horizontal boxes. The first contains basic information like class, room number, date, time and length of lesson. The routine box is dedicated to the aims of the ELT process and includes four categories of these aims functional, structural, phonological and skills aims. Then, the deuce-ace box mentions materials the fourth box lists aids and the fifth box provides for an evaluation of the procedure.StrengthsThe physical layout is actually attractive and appropriate for sho wing clear divisions in the plan. The separation of the lesson aims into categories is important and reminds the teacher that each lesson needs to meet each of these four components in sanctify to make sure the ELT student fully grasps the concept being taught. Again, a spot to evaluate the lesson, or components of it, is vital for future planning, and ample space is habituated for the teacher to do so in this particular lesson plan template.WeaknessesThis lesson plan seems to misappropriate the use of space. It seems that the largest amount of space should go to describing the lesson aims and method, but this does not happen here. In fact, there is not place listed to describe the actual process and procedure of the lesson plan itself. There is nothing to indicate what will be incident specifically during the class. I am not sure how the word aids differs from materials, so this might be unnecessarily repetitive and take up space from other necessary information.Suggestions for ImprovementThis lesson plan must add a section for specifying each legal action and the anticipated time for it. Without that, there is no way to evaluate how well the lesson went and what changes might be made to it. The first box is way too large. That can be condensed by half.General DescriptionThe third lesson plan template takes the form of five vertical columns. Above the columns are spots for the general data of class, overall aim, date and time. Beneath the columns are spaces to list homework and an evaluation of the lesson. The six columns are labeled as follows Activity, Materials and Aids, Time Needed, Skills to be Practised, and Problems Anticipated.StrengthsThe vertical columns suggest a precise linear organization. each(prenominal) activity listed in the first column can be tracked across each column, leaving no question as to the distinct identity of each separate activity. This is the only lesson plan to do this. Also, the spot to anticipate problems is also very insightful, as lessons rarely go as expected. Once again, the teacher has a place to evaluate his or her lessons.WeaknessesAgain, I think the order of the presentation is a little inefficient. A reordering of the columns is suggested below. Also, only one spot is disposed(p) for an overall aim. However, most lessons have additional, more specific goals and objectives as well.Suggestions for ImprovementI would order the columns in the following way Time Needed, Activity, Skills, Materials, and Problems. This seems to flow inborn and will keep the teacher from backtracking. I would also add a spot for more lesson-specific objectives in addition to the larger, overall aim.Overall Evaluation only of the lesson plans present are an excellent start in preparing a template to use in the ELT classroom. However, a few additions might improve all of the lesson plans. As a matter of housekeeping, it is a good idea to have a spot for students who are absent. That way, make up materials can be collected and distributed very easily without the need to cross check the lesson plan with the attendance book.Next, I would suggest that a spot be added to each lesson plan for reinforcement and for enrichment. It is simply possible that some students will need additional work on the basic goals and aims man others master them quickly. Thus, the reinforcement activities can re-teach the lesson to those slower to grasp it while the enrichment activities can give more challenging work to those that picked up the material faster than others. Everyone will stay busy while the teacher focuses on those that are struggling.Most educators suggest reserving a spot at the beginning of the plan for examine of previous material and again at the end of the plan to review the days lesson and preview the next day. It is easy to forget these things they can be very easily written into the plan. One blaring omission in all three of the lesson plans was the omission of the use of technology.Whil e this might be listed under materials, I believe that technology use, oddly in the ELT classroom, is an integral part in lesson planning. Audio lessons, video lessons, even lessons on PowerPoint or com roller programs used by the students are all significant strategies for students learning a sec language. It is a flaw to omit this design in the lesson plan as many teacher evaluation and certification instruments specifically seek them.Finally, it is always scoop to have as much space available as one can to write in. I would suggest that the teachers widen the margins on the documents to that more information can be written in the spaces. While the lesson plan is best kept to one page, the more writing that the teacher can neatly put on that one page, the better. It is better to have too much information on the page than not enough.Organization is the key to success for all teachers, and especially the teachers of ELT. Once the children enter the classroom, there is now time to try to make sense of a confusing or poorly written plan. Not every(prenominal) plan will work for every teacher, so it may take some time to hit upon the very best template.The best advice is to have a space to write in things you do every day, such as review, homework, preview, reflection etc. That way you will not forget to include that portion in your lesson. It is important to keep track of time so that the class time will never be wasted. Finally, the more specific the plan is, the easier it is to teach. Each of these three plans is certainly on track and with a few minor modifications, they will be ready to use in the classroom.

Tuesday, May 21, 2019

Bend it like Beckham; Food Symbol

Beckman is a movie enjoin by Grinder Chad. It revolves more or less listener, a teenage Indian girl whos passion is for playing soccer. This delineation explores many important themes such as racism, sexuality, stereotypes, breaking sexual activity barriers and culture. The theme that I will be focusing on Is culture. The main symbol for culture is nutrition. Food is a recurrent theme of the take aim that is always repeated in scenes but only subtly. It has surprisingly Important significance to do with both the speculator and Bahamas families.. Women argon typic everyy in the kitchen both Western and Indian culture.The character Mrs. Bahamas is an excellent example of this practice. She is nigh always seen cooking, eating or Just beingness around Indian food. She is constantly trying to con Jess how to cook, but when Jess shows no desire to learn how to cook. Jess Is removing herself from the traditional ways of a Sikh woman. Sikh women are traditionally housewives, and by Jess refusing to learn to cook goes against the ways of Sikh culture. In contrast to Mrs.. Bahamas, Jess is going against he ways her parents have taught her, becoming less integrated in Indian culture and bringing discredit to the family.She Is bringing shame to the family, because her family believes no man will want a woman who cant cook. This worries Mrs.. Bahamas because she wants nothing more than her daughters to be married off. An Important scene expressing Jess opinion towards cooking is, when she Is learning how to cook a honorable Indian dinner. While her mother stands at the stove, Jess defiantly bounces a capsicum from knee to knee. Despite being forced to learn how to cook, sees still obsessed with soccer and will all the same incorporate it in the kitchenIt is a metaphor for how Jess feels learning to cook Is Just another way for her parents to control her future. Another example of a key scene demonstrating Mrs.. Bahamas opinion of Jess, is when she finds out sh e has Joined a womens football team. Jess is sitting on a couch with her parents looking down on her. Chad has used a low angle shot, demonstrating the vulnerability of Jess and the originator of her parents. Mrs.. Bahamas shows she Is concerned about the future for her daughter What family ill want a daughter-in-law who can run around kicking football all day but cant make round chapattis? Once again, she includes a credit rating to food, and how Jess needs to submit to the stereotypical role of a woman in order to get a husband. This brings me onto my next principal about how cooking Is expected from women In Western culture too. In the piston household, Jules mother is similar to Mrs.. Bahamas in the way that she believes playing sport Is masculine. Mrs.. plunger Is constantly reminding her daughter that, No boys going to want to go out with a girl whos got bigger muscles Han him In desperation to give way her playing football. Even more ridiculous than 1 OFF Jules for the f irst time Mrs.. Pistons only rendering is, You know, I cooked a lovely curry the other day. She immediately resorts to talking about food because that is all she knows about Indian culture. She believes she is associating herself with Jess, but is actually only associating with the stereotypical Indian woman, not Jess. In sequel of this scene, Jules mum is bringing up a tray of cheese and tea, when she hears the two girls quarrelling.Having missed the beginning of their argument (over Joe) she believes them to be lesbians and retreats downstairs. She is so horrified by her daughter she cant bring herself to speak with Jules. Mrs. Piston is holding tea at this time. Tea often represents comfort and a sit-down chat, but Mrs.. Piston is so appalled she cant even face her own daughter. Once again, the mother figure can not, or does not want to generalize her daughters perspective. Paula (Mrs.. Piston) attempts to understand football, literally by using food. The scene begins with Al an (Mr..Piston) explaining the rules of soccer by using various condiments by stacking them around the table like soccer players on a soccer field. When Jules arrives home she notices her mother has use up a stack of soccer magazines. Paula says, That way, we can all enjoy football as a family. Mrs.. Piston researches some professional female soccer players, and finds one that is happily married with a baby. This is not the point where she accepts her daughters career weft, but mainly points it out in an attempt to encourage Jules to break up her relationship with Jess.In conclusion, food is a major aspect in Bend It Like Beckman. It links the two cultures in the film together. In the end both mothers accept that their daughters want to become professional soccer players. Jess and Jules both managed to bend gender rules and the will of their mothers in order to pursue their dreams. This is the meaning of the title, Bend It Like Beckman. When Mrs.. Bahamas finally accepts her daug hters career choice she finishes off with a quote food related At least I taught her full Indian dinner, the rest is up to God.

Monday, May 20, 2019

Personal Learning Profile Essay

B. How I riding habit First, Use as Needed, or Avoid season(Write a paragraph of four to five sentences describing the score to which you ingestion this Pattern.) Sequence is a routine of my life, I social function it lot weather it is good or bad. I feel the need to follow a plan. I also need to have a clear explanation of what Im evaluate to do. At work I am usually the one that needs to write out a plan of how am going to execute it before doing so than follow up with consist criticism of instruction to make sure accurate. These some clocks becomes very time consuming as I am always needing more time to ensure I get things done right the first time around. I movenot relax or focus on other things when everything is in chaotic. I feel stamp anything equals to clutter mind. Being organized is one step I think necessary in sightly a successful student.C. How I Use First, Use as Needed, or Avoid Precision(Write a paragraph of four to five sentences describing the degree to wh ich you use this Pattern.) Precision another pattern I use first. I hold to the woods to have the need to have the correct information. I do not want making mistakes and I ask a lot of questions in order to obtain more information. I like it when I am given detailed answers about what is going on. I with anything give to me I immediately jumped onto the internet to search for additional information to learn and better understand. In school tend to the most because of learning disability it has driven me to always not want to make mistakes and if I can avoid it by asking questions that will give me the information why not.D. How I Use First, Use as Needed, or Avoid Technical Reasoning (Write a paragraph of four to five sentences describing the degree to which you use this Pattern.) Technical reasoning I use as needed to figure things out merely but do not avoid interactions with others. I do not like people to say me how to do things or how to fix it. I like to figure it out mys elf if gives me a sense of accomplishment. I would say that I am pretty good with figuring out most things and will sweep through it until I have learned how to use it.How I Use First, Use as Needed, or Avoid Confluence(Write a paragraph of four to five sentences describing the degree to which you use this Pattern.) I use Confluence as needed ad I like exploring invigorated things, new ideas, and new places. When it comes trim back to it I like to do new things it excites me and interest me .I like to learn more and that is just in everyday life whether it be a new way to cook something or visiting new places. I am not a big risk taker though. I will only take risk when the outcome outweighs it. I function with rely of being in certain pattern and schedule.

Sunday, May 19, 2019

A Prime Innovator of Intelligence

Alfred Binet is one of the most significant figures in psychological science as he redefined the meaning of news program. He basically set a new standard in the study of the human mind through his creation of the IQ tally, which basically revolutionized how to gauge a soulfulnesss intelligence. Even today, several of his major works and ideas are still being used by modern psychologists.Early Life & EducationAlthough Binet was highly successful in his field, he didnt always thrive well, curiously during the early stages of his life. He was born in July 8, 1857 in Nice, France (New piece Encyclopedia, 2008). His father was a physician and from here it could be surmised that he was also meant to pursue a career in the medical field.However, his parents separated when he was still young and he and his mother relocated to Paris where he attended law school. Upon receiving his authorise as a lawyer in 1878, he decided to follow in the footsteps of his father in the field of medicin e but later decided that his interest psychology was more important (Sweet horse-brier College, 2007).Beginnings & FailuresDespite his contributions to psychology, Binet, ironically, was a not formally-schooled psychologist. He mainly educated himself by studying books of Charles Darwin and John Stuart Mill, among others, for several geezerhood (Indiana University, 2007).He became particularly interested in Mills belief that the processes of intelligence could be expounded by the laws and principles of associationism. However, he soon realized the restrictions of this particular theory, but he was still heavily influenced by Mills ideas (Indiana University, 2007).In 1880, Binet published his first paper on hypnosis, which was highly criticized for lack of scientific support (International Bureau of Education, 2000). Subsequently, he began working in Jean-Martin Charcots laboratory, where the main focus of research was hypnosis. Binet was heavily influenced by Charcots ideas and as a result, he published four papers on animal magnetism and hypnosis.Unfortunately, his Charcots ideas were refuted by various scientific studies and in effect, Binet was also discredited for supporting his teacher, which was considered his first major failure (New World Encyclopedia, 2008). Shortly after abandoning his research on hypnosis, he married Laure Balbiani in 1884 with whom he had two daughters, Madeleine and Alice.Important Contributions & WorksOne of the Binets first significant contributions was his incorporation of chess into one of his psychological studies that dealt with the cognition of chess masters. In his experiment, he found out that memory was further part of the processes of cognition in the game of chess and that only master chess players could play the game successfully while blindfolded (Internal Bureau of Education, 2000).He further surmised that imagination, memories of abstract, and subsist were among the many factors that is required of a chess mast er. Furthermore, his most significant contribution is the intelligence test. In 1904, Binet and his colleague, Theodore Simon essential a test called New Methods for Diagnosing Idiocy, Imbecility, and Moron Status (Indiana University, 2007).Among the tasks included in the test were to retroflex a sequence of numbers from memory and to follow an object with ones eye (Indiana University, 2007). Binet and Simon conducted the test on 50 children who acted according to their age or level.They would then compared the results to other children of the same age and prize the results. Meaning to say, a 13-year old who could complete the tasks that all 13-years olds performed would have a mental age of 13. Similarly, a 13-year old who would complete all the tasks of a 15-year old would have a mental age of 15 (Indiana University, 2007).In 1908, Simon and Binet modified their intelligence test as they theorized that intelligence increased with age and included a semblance between the chrono logical age and the mental age in the new test (Indian University, 2007).However, Binet stressed that his intelligence test also had its limits and that human IQ was diverse and had to be assessed qualitatively and not only quantitatively.

Saturday, May 18, 2019

International Journal and Communication Technology Research

playscript 2 No. 2, February 2012 ISSN 2223-4985 Inter interior(a) journal of randomness and converse engineering Research 2012 ICT Journal. All rights mute http//www. esjournals. org misdirect figure for Academic Environment Ajith Singh. N1, M. Hemalatha2 2 Department of Computer Science, Karpagam University, Coimbatore, India Department of Softw argon Systems & Research, Karpagam University, Coimbatore, India 1 ABSTRACT In traditional computation, we install parcel programs on system (computer) update the hardw ar as per our requirements.Documents we make up or save are stored in our computer. Documents are admission priceible on our own entanglement, solely they tidy sumt be accessed by computers exterior the network. Using of debase figure, the software programs arent run from ones personal computer, but are rather stored on servers accessed via the Internet. demoralise Computing provides resources and capabilities of reading Technology (e. g. , applications, stor ages, communication, collaboration, pedestal) via table functions offered by CSP ( conf implement service provider). besmirch Computing has various characteristics as shared infrastructure, self-service, pay-per use model, dynamic and virtualized, elastic and scalable. fog compute in schoolman environment testament be benefitted by every student and staff where dissever of collaboration and preventative of data is undeniable in schoolman. Academic has various segments and m whatever semesters where scores of students need to access the computing a need for highly acquirable up-to-date software and hardware is must. becloud computing has the condenser of scaling and elasticity which is perfect for such an environment.Keywords Cloud Computing, sack up service, Virtualization, Grid Computing, Virtual Computing Lab, higher(prenominal) education institutions I. INTRODUCTION Cloud computing growth has taken all the attention of various communities equivalent researches, student, argumentation, consumer and g everyplacenment organization. Big data is the main reason for coming of sully computing in the show, perfunctory lots of data in the size of PETA bytes are uploaded in the digital world which required lots of storage and computing resources.Cloud Computing is a marketing border which is also known as receipts computing deliver the service as software, platform and infrastructure as a service in pay-as-you-go model to consumers. Berkeley report says on this services as Cloud computing, the long held dream of computing as a utility, has the potential to transform a large part of the IT industry, making software even to a greater extent attractive as a service. didactics has been gradually expanded, and the education object has slowly sported to accessible staff.The commandment method from black board to online is growing fast than ever. An online tutor which helps has to take class in any hour is an advance of learning development tech nology. E-learning and online rootage is what we required in education environment. With the change magnitude rate in receiving education, a series of new problems conduct emerged. For example As teaching methods change, the alive teaching-learning methods can non meet demand and with the constant expansion of education, the existing teaching facilities also need to constantly update.When Cloud Computing appears, it provides a new solution to establish a unified, open and flexible network teaching platform and reduce the hardware input 10. Internet is the resource where we can transform cloud computing, it can deliver the to the highest degree advanced software and educational materials, hardware resources and services to students and educators in even the most impoverished or remote school districts in the state, without the need for advanced IT expertise at those locations. At the same point, it does more for significantly less, providing needed relief for currently strained education budgets 12.IT companies are caliber to encourage educational adoption of cloud computing for example, Google Apps for Education Suite comprises Google Mail, Calendar, Talk, Docs, Sites and Video with zero be and without advertisements 1, According to a Forrester apostrophize analysis 9, Google Apps is more effective than a Microsoft Exchange e-mail. Based on CSU research, the be of software licensing, server hardware and staffing to plunk for 50,000 users by using Microsoft Exchange e-mail (the number of undergraduate e-mail accounts at CSU) would be $9,774,000 per year 2.The cost of Google Apps for businesses is $50 per user per year, or with 50,000 users, $2,500,000 per year. The cost of Google Apps Education Edition, however, is $0 per year 2. As we can overtake from this example, the industrial cloud computing solution for the educational institution already gave an estimated savings from about $9,774,000 per year to $2,500,000 per year in the businesses version or to zero cost of licensing and equipment in the educational version.Taking into account the last two examples, we can see that both approaches, industrial (or commercial) and non-commercial cloud computing solutions can be successfully employed within educational institutions and an opposite example, IBM launched IBM Cloud Academy that 97 Volume 2 No. 2, February 2012 ISSN 2223-4985 International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Research 2012 ICT Journal. All rights reserved http//www. esjournals. org s provide a global gathering for educators, researchers and IT professionals from education industry to pursue cloud computing initiatives, develop skill and share best practices for minify operating costs while improving quality and access to education. In this way users do not need to buy a server, only need to purchase related services can create an efficient network teaching platform 10. Using of cloud computing in faculty memberians in universities are not aware of benefits and characteristic of minimizing the cost of cloud computing.From an ITmanagement view, it radically reduces resource management costs including voltaic power, cooling and system management personnel, while driving up the utilization of servers and software licenses, which in turn reduces purchasing requirements 12. Lab Problem The tending of dozens of computers in the labs becomes a burden for the system administrator. This opus proposed diskless cluster computing environment in a computer classroom and the development of teaching network management system in computer classroom.In this paper we discuss the Cloud Computing paradigm and characteristics, service and deployment models, implementations of cloud services at universities, and various opportunities and benefits of Cloud Computing for universities & academic institutions. Finally, we suggest a contrive prototype of Cloud Computing for Academic Environment. IV. Benefits of Cloud Computing Reduce d implementation and maintenance costs Increased mobility for a global workforce Flexible and scalable infrastructures mobile time to market IT department transformation (focus on innovation vs.Maintenance and implementation) Greening of the data center Increased availability of high-performance applications to trivial/medium-sized businesses 3 Cloud Computing II. RELATED WORKS Invent of Internet changes the way we use of computer. From mail to shop we all depend on this huge group of network computer. Cloud computing has entirely changes what the internet means. Powerful of desktop application is available on net and storage is available online wherever we go from any device. ELearning and web 2. 0 learning totally changes of education system.Teacher and student work together in online project not in school or colleges but from home also. Teaching has never been elementary without cloud computing 10. Definitions of cloud is defined by many expert, but the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) definition is a generally accepted standard Cloud computing is a model for enable convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (such as networks, servers, storage, applications and services) that can be apace provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. 4 More simply, a cloud can be considered to be a collection of hardware, software and otherwise resources that can be accessed over the Internet, and use to assemble a solution on demand (that is, at the time of the request) to provide a set of services back to the requester. When analyzed the definitions, there is a consensus on few key points (1) Cloud Computing ensure on-demand access to a pool of computing resources, (2) dynamically scalable services, (3) device and media independency, and (4) easier maintenance of applications referable to do not need to be installed on users computers.Cloud computing shou ld be elasticity and scalability. symbol (1) 5, adapted 4 shows six phases of computing paradigms, from dummy terminals/mainframes, to PCs, networking computing, to grid and cloud computing. In phase 1, many users shared powerful mainframes using dummy terminals. In phase 2, stand-alone PCs became powerful enough to meet the volume of users needs. In phase 3, PCs, laptops, and servers were connected together done local anaesthetic networks to share resources and increase performance.In phase 4, local networks were connected to other local networks forming a global network such as the Internet to utilize remote applications and resources. In phase 5, grid computing provided shared computing power and storage through a distributed computing. III. PURPOSE OF RESEARCH Students learning is no longer confined within the classroom in the era of e-learning 2. 011. The environment of IT education could be improved to let student access learning resources anywhere. IGNOU (Indira Gandhi n ational Open University) is the good example of e-learning.The free software can be adopted for constructing the cloud computing service for the environment of IT the like OpenOffice. org such as word processing, spreadsheets, and presentations. Only a browser is needed for students to connect to the cloud computing service for learning. 98 Volume 2 No. 2, February 2012 ISSN 2223-4985 International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Research 2012 ICT Journal. All rights reserved http//www. esjournals. org Figure 2. Cloud computing service models VI. obscureS COMPUTING IN UNIVERSITIESA Cloud-computing service that pull up stakes let universities and colleges build custom private clouds that can be integrated into public cloud services 10. Three main factors interests in Cloud Computing 1) quick decrease in hardware cost and increase in computing power and storage qualification, and the approaching of multi-core architecture and modern supercomputers consisting of hundreds of thousands of cores 2) the exponentially growing data size in scientific instrumentation/ trick and Internet publishing and archiving and 3) the widespread adoption of inspection and repairs Computing and Web 2. applications. For example, a university student taking a college math course could access a cloud from his or her door room, to obtain a physical or virtual server (with the necessary storage) and a copy of Maple or MATLAB software tally on it to use for homework or a class project. Likewise, an elementary school teacher could access the same cloud to request one virtual form for each of his or her students running Mathmedia software, as part of his or her classroom instructional activities 12. Figure 1. Six computing paradigms Image source smart-cloud-computing. logspot. com V. CLOUD PLATFORMS AND SERVICE DEPLOYMENT MODELS A. Essential Cloud Characteristics ? On-demand self-service ? Broad network access ? Resource pooling ? Location independency ? Rapid e lasticity ? Measured service B. Cloud renovation Models ? Software as a Service (SaaS) ? Use providers applications over a network ? weapons platform as a Service (PaaS) ? Deploy customer-created applications to a cloud ? Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) ? Rent processing, storage, network capacity C. Cloud Deployment Models ? Public-Sold to the public, mega-scale infrastructure ?Private-enterprise owned or leased ? Hybrid-composition of two or more clouds ? Community-shared infrastructure for specific community VII. PRIVATE CLOUD FOR UNIVERSITIES Private cloud (also called internal cloud or merged cloud) is a marketing term for a proprietary computing architecture that provides hosted services to a expressage number of people behind a firewall. Advances in virtualization and distributed computing have allowed corporate network and datacenter administrators to effectively become service providers that meet the needs of their customers within the corporation.Marketing media tha t uses the words private cloud is designed to charm to an organization that needs or wants more control over their data than they can get by using a third-party hosted service such as Amazons Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) or fair Storage Service 99 Volume 2 No. 2, February 2012 ISSN 2223-4985 International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Research 2012 ICT Journal. All rights reserved http//www. esjournals. org (S3) 6. Fig. 3 Represent the private cloud of an organization. be enabling on university campus to safeguard of student, staff, and lecture data. Business Applications Figure 3 Example of Private cloud in organizations Hosted in the cloud are probably the most promising cloud service and the most enkindle topic for computer science education because it can give businesses the option to pay as they go while providing the big-impact benefit of the latest technology advancements 7. The involvement of students in such type of projects with real customers is m utually beneficial to students, faculty and businesses. Personal Productivity Applications VIII. PROPOSED EDUCATIONAL CLOUD INFRASTRUCTER PROTOTYPEDesign of Cloud Infrastructure needed the hobby service and application Collaboration Application Moving email and PIM (personal information manager) to managed service providers. IDC says that 67 part of survey respondents believe collaboration applications such as email, chat, conferencing and collaborative file sharing solutions such as SharePoint are a great fit for the cloud because they reduce costs in the short term 7. For collaboration application GMAIL apps come in handy without any charges. For our International conference I have uploaded spreadsheet for collaboration work here any person involves in maintaining the office work is done online. Web Serving CIchannelinsider. com predicts that hosted mobile applications through carriers and mobile software providers as well as document-editing applications like those from Data Viz and Quick office are also expected to gain traction 7. Mobile phone is widely utilize among student and staff application or service develop in university campus can be used in mobile device also which means every time we are connected to university campus. A university mini Facebook would be a great deal to share and update news among the student and staff.IX. SUGGESTED academician ENVIRONEMNT CLOUD Moving web servers, management and analytic tools to the cloud is also at the top of the prioritized list, because this volition reduce maintenance costs and reliance on subscription models as well as improve rapidness of deployment 7. Cloud Sever is the key part of the computing platform to ensure its scalability. All the resource can be store at this cloud server which includes online videos, audios, pictures, and course wares etc. This web server infrastructure in cloud computing can share resources for educational and research purposes. Cloud Backup Some companies like Asigra are moving disaster recovery and back-up to the cloud. As IDC says, in spite of cloud security concerns, 60 percent of enterprises are still considering moving back-up off-site to the cloud to protect against natural disasters, IT mishaps, power outages and other unforeseen catastrophic events 7. Drop Box is a free service to take back up of our data in cloud environment it enable synchronize with any device wherever throw up box is install. A cloud backup service can The study aims to suggest a cloud environment for academic purposes.Academic environment is where lots of computer is uses and many of them are not in use which lead to malfunction of computer and maintenance is highly complicated due to lack of staff. The propose cloud computing environment pull up stakes be of storage infrastructure, development platform, and software delivering. Changing of hardware resources and lots of storage capacity is required in academic environment computing lab 11. Many universities and colleges started using thin client technology to reduce the cost but thin client is not competent for high performance computing.Office applications, programming language, and multimedia developing courses are not only for IT department but too many departments also. Also every year, the new versions of applications were used for courses with respect to the needs of industry. As a natural result of this progress, new software cause new hardware costs 11. Installing and maintaining will be free from everyone. Whenever any new software appears many of hardware dont support and everyday many bytes of storage are required where loss of data is very high due to improper handling of computer by many student. Student mistakenly or unknowingly deletes other data.By using cloud computing in academic environment collaboration among the staff and student will be more like using Google docs or any other private 100 Volume 2 No. 2, February 2012 ISSN 2223-4985 International Journal of Informati on and Communication Technology Research 2012 ICT Journal. All rights reserved http//www. esjournals. org collaboration design on office 635. Cloud Computing will be of great help. By giving a virtual machine to everyone and a secure password student and staff will work on their own virtual machine and if anything happens will only crash the virtual machine not the entire system.Below Fig. 4 represents the proposed cloud computing for academic environment. By this way, lecturers will focus their staple fibre tasks and not lose their workforce. With this cloud computing environment student can work from their lab as well from home. Where there data and application will be available always. 2 Dan R. Herrick. 2009. Google this using Google apps for collaboration and productivity. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGUCCS fall conference on User services conference (SIGUCCS 09). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 55-64. DOI=10. 1145/1629501. 1629513 http//doi. acm. rg/10. 1145/1629501. 1629513 3 Ritting house,J. W. , & Ransome,J. F. (2010). Cloud Computing Implementation, Management, and Security. New York Taylor and Francis Group. 4 http//www. cmlab. csie. ntu. edu. tw/jimmychad/CN20 11/Readings/CloudComputingNewWine. pdf 5 Furht,B. , and Escalante,A. (2010). Handbook of Cloud Computing. New York Springer http//searchcloudcomputing. techtarget. com/definition /private-cloud 6 http//www. channelinsider. com/c/a/CloudComputing/Top-5-Cloud-Applications-for-2010319995/? kc=EWWHNEMNL02262010STR2Cloud computing. http//en. ikipedia. org/wiki/Cloud_computinghttp//w ww. google. com/a/help/intl/en/admins/pdf/forrester_cl oud_email_cost_analysis. pdf 7 Khmelevsky,Y. , and Voytenko,V. (2010). Cloud Computing Infrastructure Prototype for University Education and Research. Proceedings of the 15th Western Canadian Conference on Computing Education. Kelowna, Canada ACM. 8 Personalized and self modulate learning in the Web 2. 0 era International exemplars of innovative pedagogy using amicable so ftware, Australasian Journal of Educational Technology 2010, 26(1), 28-43 9 http//code. google. om/appengine/docs/whatisgooglea ppengine. html 10 The Research and Application of Network Teaching Platform Based on Cloud Computing, Zhang Tao and Jiao Long, International Journal of Information and Education Technology, Vol. 1, No. 3, August 2011 11 Cloud Computing For Distributed University Campus A Prototype Suggestion, Mehmet Fatih Erkoc, Serhat Bahadir Kert, http//www. pixelonline. net/edu_future/ super C/download/Paper_pdf/ ENT30-Erkoc. pdf 12 The Transformation of Education through introduce Education Clouds, www. ibm. com/ibm/files/N734393J24929X18/EBW0 3002-USEN-00. df Figure 4 Academic Cloud Computing Image source Erkoc. pdf http//www. pixel-online. net/edu_future/common/download/Paper_pdf/ENT30- X. CONCLUSION Cloud computing is a solution to many problem of computing. Even we are in IT ages complication of computing has created much disaster to computer world. Lots of crisis has happen in business world as well as in academic environment. Data security, storage, processing power is peculiar(a) while using traditional computing. Data are also in risk and not available all time. But by using of cloud computing the entire problem is solve.Computer in academic environment must have the latest hardware and software. Due to cost many couldnt sate the availability of resource to student and staff by using cloud computing in academic environment we can solve all the issue. Cloud computing is new technology suitable for any environment. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We thank Karpagam University for motivating and encouraging doing our Research work in a Successful. REFERENCES 1 Behrend,T. S. , Wiebe,E. N. , London,J. E. , and Johnson,E. C. (2011). Cloud computing adoption and usage in community colleges. Behavior & Information Technology, 30 (2), 231240. 101