Friday, December 27, 2019

Effects Of Alcohol On Women s Drinking - 895 Words

Alcohol is very popular amongst all ages of women whether they drink before or after 21 years old or. Women are seen as vulnerable and weak, which is a typical stereotype society defines. A reason why women may drink is indefinite. There is not an exact reason why women drink, but there are many reasons why may one drink. Reasons may consist of positivity and/ or negativity for alcohol; however, there are many negative effects on women. Women drink in order to have fun and get loose, or if they are stressed and feel overwhelmed. Consumption of alcohol is every day, but people may not know what it is composed of. There are ingredients that people do not realize that would be in an alcoholic beverage. It is important for women to know what they are putting into their bodies. As women drink more, the more likely women are known to have a disorder. Eating disorders can play a big factor in drinking. Many people do not realize how alcohol is broken down, however, according to Kolander, â €Å"alcohol takes place through the stomach, where about 20 percent is absorbed directly into the bloodstream, and from the small intestine where 80 percent is absorbed and moves into the bloodstream and to all parts of the body† (p. 322). There are many types of alcohol; the three additional types of alcohol are methanol, isopropyl, and butyl. These ingredients are dangerous for the body. Methyl alcohol, also called wood alcohol, is an ingredient in such products as glass cleaners, turpentine,Show MoreRelatedAlcohol Use For Disease Control And Prevention1446 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Alcohol Use in Pregnancy.† CDC. 17 April 2014. Web. 20 April 2016. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that there is no known safe amount of alcohol use during pregnancy or while trying to get pregnant. The article suggests that â€Å"women also should not drink alcohol if they are sexually active and do not use effective contraception (birth control). This is because a women might get pregnant and expose her baby to alcohol before the mother knows she is pregnant.Read MoreThe Effects Of Alcohol Consumption On Adult Populations Across The World1476 Words   |  6 PagesAlcohol consumption is well entrenched in the social fabric of many adult populations across the world, virtually constituting a behavioral norm. It is cheap, legal and readily available. Regular and extensive alcohol consumption is a brain-centered addictive behavioral disorder that crosses all boundaries of gender, race, age, social class and, in many patients, might lead to alcoholic liver disease (ALD).1-3 Not only does heavy drinking significan tly increases morbidity and mortality from infectiousRead MoreAdverse Effect Of Alcohol Consumption1321 Words   |  6 PagesThe Adverse Effect of Alcohol Consumption In Whiting S. Albert’s article â€Å"Alcohol Use Is Harmful† he stated that alcohol is a chemical that contains hydrogen and carbon. Whiting stated further that the active ingredient of alcohol is ethyl alcohol, which is also known as ethanol. Alcohol is one of the few things that human being consume that do not need digestion. Alcohol appears the bloodstream immediately, thus, its intoxicating effects are felt instantly (1). â€Å"High levels of mortality, morbidityRead MoreAlcoholism And Hypertension : The Rising Concerns Of National And Global Health Essay1452 Words   |  6 PagesHypertension Introduction Alcohol and hypertension are two rising concerns in national and global health. According to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (2014), 56.9% of adults in the United States have participated in drinking in the last month. Furthermore, 24.7% adults reported to participating in heavy or binge drinking. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that in 2012, 3.3 million deaths or 5.9% of all global deaths were linked to alcohol consumption and withinRead Moreazael Luevano806 Words   |  3 Pageswritten###### rough draft Alcohol. Its been around for millenniums before jesus and its always going to be around and most of us cant do anything about it but we can find a way to stop alcohol from getting stronger. We all know someone or something that has ever used alcohol either to; have fun,drown the sorrows of the day, or just to fit in. Every body will encounter alcohol one point or another so might as well know what the effects of drinking are. All people drink; women,men,teens,and elders. TheRead MoreThe Effects of Alcohol Consumption on College Students1227 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ The Effects of Alcohol Consumption on College Students On a weekly basis, college students consume more alcohol to fit in with their peers. Prior research has shown how alcohol consumption can lead to negative effects. Typically, college students ignore the negative effects of consuming alcohol, in order to have a good time. College students are the point in their life where they are searching for new and exciting ways to fit inRead MoreCauses and Effects of Alcohal Abuse1150 Words   |  5 PagesThe Causes and Effects of Alcohol Abuse   For about 10% to 12% of the 140 million adults in the United States who drink, the use of alcohol develops into addiction. Alcoholism in men is approximately two to three times greater than in women (14% of male drinkers vs. 6% of female drinkers). In addition onset of alcoholism usually occurs at a younger age in men than in women (Fay, 1998). In terms of consumption 20% of drinkers consume 80% of all alcohol (Babor, 2010).    There has been an abundanceRead MoreThe Events Of Temperance Movement1332 Words   |  6 Pagessinful events that s been happening (Tindall and Shin 528-529). One of the most widespread from all the reform movement that spread around the 19th and 20th century was the temperance movement due it being the common social problem in the United States. The Temperance movement â€Å"was an organized effort to encourage moderation in the consumption of intoxicating liquors or press for complete abstinence†(Chancellor). The temperance movement establishes due to the amount of alcohol an individual wasRead MoreIssues With Binge Drinking And Its Effects On Your Body Essay1109 Words   |  5 Pages Issues with binge drinking Many people consider alcohol as a drug because people are addicted to it ,and it can kill you. It has affected our society because many people have died or killed someone innocent causing their lives to end shortly. Alcohol is considered a depressant, the amount of alcohol you consume depends how your body reacts .This research paper will analyze alcohols immediate, permanent and fatal effects on your body. Our brain is an example of an immediateRead MoreEffects Of Drinking Too Much Alcohol1496 Words   |  6 PagesSide Effects Of Drinking Too Much Alcohol We all know the power and influence alcohol can have over our minds and for many it has become so deep-rooted in our life’s that a gathering is almost always associated with drinking. Many of us don’t think about the negative side effects that drinking too much alcohol at once or long-term, has on our bodies. So how much alcohol, is too much alcohol? According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) moderate drinking, is no more

Thursday, December 19, 2019

Case Study Disney Essay - 918 Words

Case 11.1 (p. 337) â€Å"Conflict at Walt Disney Company: A Distant Memory? | 1) How would you describe the conflict between Michael Eisner and the Weinstein brothers, the two board members (Disney and Gold), and Steve Jobs? Was it functional or dysfunctional? Ivancevich (p. 311) defines functional conflict as a confrontation between groups that enhances and benefits the organization’s performance’ while he defines dysfunctional conflict as any confrontation or interaction between groups that harms the organization or hinders the achievement or organizational goals. Though, a point the Ivancevich makes (p. 311) is that in most cases, the point at which functional confrontation becomes dysfunctional is impossible to identify precisely.†¦show more content†¦The conflict of Eisner and Jobs at first was the perceived stage due to the negative comments Eisner made at congressional hearings; Jobs took the comments personally and so was very emotional about the words. As the feud continued and escalated, Jobs took the perceived stage to the last stage of conflict—manifest. As the feud escalated, Jobs threatened to not renew the Disney-Pixar relationship after the release of Cars in 2006 if Eisner was still CEO of Disney. Thus, Jobs acted upon the conflict with this threat which would have had dire financial losses for Disney. 3) Which of the following best describes Michael Eisner’s and Bob Iger’s approaches to resolving conflict: dominating, problem solving, avoiding, or accommodating? Explain: Certainly Eisner’s approach to resolving conflict would fall into the dominating category; dominating approach is the person/group’s maximum focus on meeting its own concerns, coupled with a minimal focus on meeting the concerns of other group (Ivancevich, p. 319). It seems Eisner fought or had difficulty with all key persons with the other companies he dealt with; apparently maintaining these key relationships was not a high priority with Eisner. I think as Eisner still continued to be successful in spited of these issues, he probably gained a sense of unlimited power and authority; while he may have kept theShow MoreRelatedCase Study Disney1005 Words   |  5 PagesA Case Study on 02/11/08 02/11/08 Agenda ââ€" º About Disney ââ€" º Divisions of Disney ââ€" º A bit of History ââ€" º About the CASE ââ€" º SWOT Analysis ââ€" º Its Current Executive Management ââ€" º Recommended Organizational structures ï‚ § Model 1 ï‚ § Model 2 ï‚ § Model 3 02/11/08 About Disney ââ€" º ââ€" º ââ€" º ââ€" º The Walt Disney Company (most commonly known as Disney) (NYSE: DIS) is one of the largest media and entertainment corporations in the world. Founded on October 16, 1923 by brothers Walt and Roy Disney asRead MoreDisney Case Study2488 Words   |  10 PagesCompetitive Position Disney is considered to be one of the pioneers in the entertainment industry, and for almost one century, the company have managed to grow successfully and to respond tremendously well to global changes such as the rapid technological evolution and the constant variations in customer trends. The reason they have accomplished that is because Disney shaped in people’s mind the assumption of permanent, combined with an outstanding delivery of their products and services, whichRead MoreEuro Disney - Case Study2145 Words   |  9 Pages1 Introduction Ââ€" Euro Disney s Plans and Reality When the International Offer of Shares for the Euro Disneyland S.C.A. (in the following called Euro Disney) was published in October 1989 the plans for this new enterprise of the Walt Disney group were ambiguous. The financial plans for the first year of operation projected total revenues of FF 5,482 million and a net profit after taxation of FF 204 million. For the following years the development should be even more impressive. At that time theRead MoreEuro Disney Case Study12599 Words   |  51 Pagescase fourteen Euro Disney: From Dream to Nightmare, 1987–94 Robert M. Grant At the press conference announcing Euro Disneyland SCA’s financial results for the year ended September 30, 1994, CEO Philippe Bourguignon summed up the year in succinct terms: â€Å"The best thing about 1994 is that it’s over.† In fact, the results for the year were better than many of Euro Disneyland’s long-suffering shareholders had predicted. Although revenues were down 15 percent – the result of falling visitor numbersRead MoreWalt Disney Case Study2980 Words   |  12 PagesJanuary 2013 I – Executive Summary The Walt Disney Company is one of the largest media and entertainment corporations in the world. Disney is able to create sustainable profits due to its heterogeneity, inimitability, co-specialization and immense foresight. During the late twentieth century, Michael Eisner founded and gave a rebirth to Walt Disney Company. Eisner revitalize TV and movies, Themes Park and new businesses. Eisners takeover for fifteen years had climbed the revenuesRead MoreEuro Disney Case Study1353 Words   |  6 Pagesstill are to great success. Tokyo Disney followed with a slow start but quickly became a successful cash cow like the 2 parks in the United States. Disney next projected success was Euro Disney, today it goes by DIsney Paris. Disney was confident and quite optimistic that the 4th Disney theme park, located just over 30 minutes drive from one of the worlds biggest tourist attractions, Paris would be no different. Some would say a little too confident. However, Disney made some major pla nning mistakesRead MoreCase Study- Disney Theme Park1682 Words   |  7 PagesThe Walt Disney Company is the world’s largest amusement park operator. It was founded on October 16, 1923, by Walt and Roy Disney as the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio, Taking on its current name Disney in 1986. Chapter 1: Case – Disney Theme Park Contents I. Case Background 1 II. Statement of the Problem 3 III. Alternatives 3 IV. Recommended Solution 3 V. Answers to the case questions 4 Question No. 1: 4 Question No. 2: 4 Question No. 3: 5 Question No. 4: 5 VI. LeaningsRead MoreDisney Land Shanghai - a Case Study1181 Words   |  5 PagesDisney Land Shanghai – A Case Study Introduction The Walt Disney Company is an American diversified multinational mass media corporation. It is the largest media conglomerate in the world in terms of revenue. It generated US$ 42.278 billion in 2012. Disney was founded on October 16, 1923, by Walt and Roy Disney as the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio, and established itself as a leader in the American animation industry before diversifying into live-action film production, television, and travelRead MoreDisney Case Study Essay791 Words   |  4 PagesQuestion #1 – Why has Disney been successful for so long? The primary reason for Disney’s success is their understanding of a corporate strategy. Since its inception, Disney has successfully utilized its corporate strategy to diversify. This has enabled them to look forward into the future, as well as developing complimenting and cross-promoting business products. They are able to look into the future and foresee upcoming market trends. By expanding their line from movies to theme parks and evenRead MoreEuro Disney Case Study1430 Words   |  6 Pagesculture * Disney executives believed in cultural inconsistencies such as: Europeans didn’t eat breakfast which is not true * Disney didn’t stress the entertainment value of visit to the theme park in their promotions which â€Å"ruined the magic† * Europeans only spent 1-2 days at the park which contrasted the American experience which lasted at least 2 days * Europeans had different vacation tendencies; they preferred a month of vacation to a year b.) Hong Kong Disney: * Only

Tuesday, December 10, 2019

Live Animal Exports From Australia Report †Free Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Live Animal Exports From Australia Report. Answer: Introduction Many countries concentrate their trade on products that have been processed through different stages in the industry. Industrial products are preferred because they take short duration to manufacture. However, nations have emerged with a different perspective and capitalized their trade in the agricultural sector. Australia being among these nations has become a great contributor of the live animal trade through its livestock exports. The livestock export sector is a highly valued industry in Australia currently estimated to be worth $800 million per annum and support many peoples' lives in the rural and regional areas of the Country. The government of Australia has a part to play to all the people who are involved in the export of livestock. These parties include the livestock producers, exporters and support industries like transport that depend on livestock income from livestock exports, and the entire Australian society at large that expects the Australian government to enforce standards reflecting their values together with safeguarding the welfare of exported animals. This report provides an overview of the live animal exports from Australia in line with research that was conducted regarding the same. The report provides an overview of Australian livestock exchange, type of animals and requirements that the agriculture industry demands and a conclusion. Overview of live animal export in Australia Australia is the leading country globally in observing animal welfare practices. The government of Australia condemns animal cruelty and any other activity that may compromise on animal welfare standards and punishes those liable accordingly without hesitating. The current position of Australia in the market gives the country an opportunity to influence the importing countries also to observe animal welfare (Phillips et al, 2013). The government and the livestock exporting industry of the country work with their trading partners to ensure the post-arrival welfare of the animals is observed and also work a way forward to improve the transporting means, handling and slaughter activities of animals in the outside markets. The agriculture department is funding projects with the livestock industry to improve infrastructure and offer training with the view of promoting better animal slaughtering and handling practices. The Australian Meat and Live- stock Industry Act 1977, requires that House of Parliament provide a report every six months on the carriage of live animals on any sea voyage to ports outside Australia. Australian has also signed Memoranda of Understanding with ten from the African region and the Middle East as negotiations proceed with other trading partners in this region. The MOU states that animals should be unloaded upon arrival regardless of their health status. This helps the trading partners to improve on post-arrival handling practices and slaughter through cooperative activities that aim at improving animal welfare (Chaudhri, 2014). To make sure that the partners meet these requirements, Australia warns them that if they fail to observe them the live animal trade will be substituted with the frozen and chilled meat. Australia mainly deals with companion animals and livestock. Companion animals Companion animals exported from are mainly pets that include dogs and cats. For one to get a pet from Australia, he/she is required to own a health certificate as it is put down by the Australia's Export Control Act 1982. Many countries require that animals be tested, treated and vaccinated before being exported from Australia. The steps that are involved in preparing animals such as pets for exportation are: Pre-export preparation These are preparations carried out before exporting animals from Australia. They are made to ensure that all requirements are met before the export takes place. As part of the requirement, animals should be given a vaccination 30 days before departure. Complying with importing country requirements The Australian law says that the exporter has a role to play in ensuring that the animals to be exported will comply with the importing countries expectations. One can get to know about the required information about the importing country by visiting the relevant official website of the government or by contacting the relevant government authority direct. Forward to the Australian Agriculture Department People undertaking companion animal exportation in Australia are required to a notice of the intention to export to Export Live Animals form and return it to the live animal office via email. Make arrangements with the agriculture department to collect official documents The exporter is contacted once the notice of intention has been approved to arrange an appointment of when the export permit and health certificate will be done. This is after the last inspection by a registered veterinarian within 72 hours of the planned time of departure. Organize transport of the animal The exporter is expected to organize for the transport and post-entry quarantine that may be needed by the importing country (Phillips Santurtun, 2013). Other arrangements should be made with airlines for carriage of the animals in time. Animal transport containers should comply with the specifications laid by the International Air Transport Association. If an exporter needs more clarification, he is advised to contact the Australian Department regional office during the office hours in the state he wants to travel to. Live animal offices The Australian live animal offices are open from Monday to Friday with an exclusion of holidays as shown from the countrys schedule below. Region Address Phone/ Fax Email Appointment times SydneyNSW 1 Crewe Place, Rosebery, 2018 Phone: 02 8334 7434 Fax: 02 8334 7430 ceranimalexports@agriculture.gov.au 8 am to 12 pm 1 to 3 pm Melbourne South East region ( incorporates VIC TAS ) SE Region Animal Program 1st floor 255 Melrose Drive Tullamarine VIC 3043 Phone: 03 8308 5070 03 8308 5072 03 8308 5076 03 8308 5077 Fax: 03 8308 5071 seanimal@agriculture.gov.au Mon Fri 8.30 am to 12.30 pm. Other times by prior arrangement CairnsNth Qld Airport Administration Centre, Cairns International Airport 4870 Phone: 07 4030 7800 Fax: 07 4035 9578 animalexpnoifnqld@agriculture.gov.au By prior arrangement BrisbaneQld 42-44 Qantas Drive Eagle Farm QLD 4009 Phone: 07 3246 8731 Fax: 07 3246 8798 animalsqld@agriculture.gov.au 8.30 am to 12 pm AdelaideSA Adelaide International Airport Sir Donald Bradman Drive Export Park SA 5950 Phone: 08 8201 6000 Fax: 08 8305 9820 animalexpnoisa@agriculture.gov.au 2 pm PerthWA 9 Fricker Road Perth Airport 6105 Phone: 08 9334 1555 Fax: 08 9334 1668 animalswa@agriculture.gov.au 10.30 am to 12 pm DarwinNT 1 Pederson Road (cnr Henry Wigley Road) Marrara 0812 Phone: 08 8920 7000 Fax: 08 8920 7011 animalexpnoint@agriculture.gov.au 8 am to 4.20 pm CanberraACT 18 Marcus Clarke Street CANBERRA CITY 2601 Phone: 02 6272 4581 Fax not available animalexp@agriculture.gov.au 8.30 am to 12.30 pm 1.30 pm Table 1: Live animal schedule and centres Livestock The livestock export industry is crucial to Australia as it was valued at $1, 780 million in the financial year 2015- 16 and helps many people to earn a living in Australia (The national statistics, 2016). The livestock in export in Australia is under the department of agriculture and water resources. This department oversees and controls all the activities that occur within the livestock industry. To partake livestock exporting in Australia, livestock exporters must meet high animal welfare standards through regulation bodies such as the Exporter Supply Chain Assurance System. The ESCAS was introduced in July 2011 to ensure that export of slaughter and feeder cattle to Indonesia, and extension of all other livestock destinations was significantly reformed (Little, Tiki Debsu, 2015). The ESCAS has the role of ensuring accountability and transparency of how the animals exported from Australia have treated right away from the farm to slaughter in the importing countries (Mara et al. 2014). The introduction of the ESCAS implies that Australia's commitment to ensuring welfare practices does not come to an end when the animals are unloaded from the exporting vessel. Australia is the only country in more than 100 other nations that demands that its exporters have certain animal welfare outcomes for the animals they import from the country (McGreevy, et al, 2014). Australia has exported over ten million livestock under ESCAS from October 2013, including about two million sheep in the financial year 2015- 16 (Pines Phillips, 2013). Also, Australia is a member of World Organization for Animal Health and therefore highly supports the OIE objectives and activities on animal welfare. A report from the Parliament as required by the Agriculture Department on animal mortalities for animals exported via sea has shown that the mortality rates have decreased highly since the year 2000. The department plays a great policy role in the export livestock industry by regularly carrying out policy reviews and driving improvements. It also helps the export livestock industry to attain high standards of animal welfare. The department mission is to provide a long- term stability for the industry and its partakers. The department's international work is an important activity in the export of livestock. "We engage with overseas governments to negotiate MoU's and facilitate trade within a framework of high animal welfare standards." The advantages of live animal export in Australia. Australian cattle farmers could increase their pre-tax earnings by 245% if they had to access local abattoir. Through this activity, the country earns $204 million per year, and over 1,300 people get jobs (Clarke, Morison Yates, 2007). Growing chilled and frozen meat is expensive as it increases the productivity through meat processing facilities. The money saved by not undertaking to process been allocated to people who are employed in different areas in the export industry. The animals would be saved from the great suffering of voyage overseas and be processed in a humane way under the Australian law that advocates for high animal welfare. Challenges of live animal export in Australia The live animal export in Australia has been highly criticized by many people within the country. Though the industry constitutes a lot to the country's economy, most citizens feel that it should be substituted with the chilled and frozen meat (Tonsor Schroeder, 2006). Some of the challenges that the Australian government faces are: Removing trade distortions and more Australian meat markets overseas. Encouraging development of new meat processing facilities in north Australia. Boosting skills and educating workers on meat processing is costly. The transition of farmers and the meat processing sector is quite challenging. Establishing teams to undertake reforms with the Australian government is a huge task that could take a long time. Conclusion The information from the overview, companion animals, and livestock animals shows that Australia is a major contributor of the live animal export in the market. Australia also is in the front line to ensure that animals' welfare is ensured both within the country and on departure and arrival at the importing country. The live animal trade has some advantages but the critics about the trade have immense making the disadvantages overshadows the merits (Munro, 2015). Though people have called for an alternative which is the chilled and canned meat trade, they should consider the lives of people who are currently working with in the live animal export industry. References Caulfield, M. P., Cambridge, H., Foster, S. F., McGreevy, P. D. (2014). Heat stress: A major contributor to poor animal welfare associated with long-haul live export voyages.The Veterinary Journal,199(2), 223-228. Chaudhri, R. (2014). Animal welfare and the WTO: the legality and implications of live export restrictions under international trade law.Fed. L. Rev.,42, 279. Clarke, M., Morison, J., Yates, W. (2007). The Live Export Industry: Assessing the Value of the Livestock Export Industry to Regional Australia.Meat Livestock Australia: Sydney.) Available at: https://www. mla. com. au/Research-and-development/Final-report-details. Little, P. D., Tiki, W., Debsu, D. N. (2015). Formal or informal, legal or illegal: the ambiguous nature of cross-border livestock trade in the Horn of Africa.Journal of Borderlands Studies,30(3), 405-421. Miranda-De La Lama, G. C., M. Villarroel, and G. A. Mara, (2014). "Livestock transport from the perspective of the pre-slaughter logistic chain: a review."Meat Science98, no. 1 9- 20. Munro, L. (2015). The live animal export controversy in Australia: A moral crusade made for the mass media.Social Movement Studies,14(2), 214-229. Phillips, C. J., Santurtun, E. (2013). The welfare of livestock transported by ship.The Veterinary Journal,196(3), 309-314. Pines, M. K., Phillips, C. J. C. (2013). Microclimatic conditions and their effects on sheep behavior during a live export shipment from Australia to the Middle East.Journal of animal science,91(9), 4406-4416. The National Statistics (2016) Tiplady, C. M., Walsh, D. A. B., Phillips, C. J. (2013). Public response to media coverage of animal cruelty.Journal of agricultural and environmental ethics,26(4), 869-885. Tonsor, G. T., Schroeder, T. C. (2006). Livestock identification: Lessons for the US beef industry from the Australian system.Journal of International Food Agribusiness Marketing,18(3-4), 103-118.

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

Minimum Wages Act India free essay sample

Background A tripartite Committee Viz. , The Committee on Fair Wage was set up in 1948 to provide guidelines for wage structures in the country. The report of this Committee was a major landmark in the history of formulation of wage policy in India. Its recommendations set out the key concepts of the living wage, minimum wages† and fair wage besides setting out guidelines for wage fixation. Article 39 states that the State shall, in particular, direct its policy towards securing (a) that the citizen, men and women equally shall have the right to an adequate livelihood and (b) that there is equal pay for equal work for both men and women. Article 43 states that the State shall endeavour, by suitable legislation or economic organization or in any other way, to give all workers, agricultural, industrial or otherwise, work, a living wage, conditions of work ensuring a decent standard of life and full enjoyment of leisure, and social and cultural opportunities. We will write a custom essay sample on Minimum Wages Act India or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Enactment of the Minimum Wages ActHistorical Backdrop The initiative started with the resolution placed by one Shri. K. G. R. Choudhary in 1920 for setting up Boards for determination of minimum wages in each industry. The International Labour Conference adopted in 1928 Convention No. 26 and Recommendation No. 30 relating to wage fixing machinery in trades or parts of trades. On the recommendation of the Standing Labour Committee and Indian Labour Conference, a Labour Investigation Committee was appointed in 1943 to investigate into the question of wages and other matters like housing, social conditions and employment.A draft bill was considered by the Indian Labour Conference in 1945. The 8th meeting of the Standing Labour Committee recommended in 1946 to enact a separate legislation for the unorganized sector including working hours, minimum wages and paid holidays. A Minimum Wages Bill was introduced in the Central Legislative Assembly on 11. 4. 46 to provide for fixation of minimum wages in certain employments. Under the Act, Central and State Governments are appropriate Governments to (a) notify scheduled employment b) fix/revise minimum wages The Act contains list of all these employments for which minimum wages are to be fixed by the appropriate Governments. There are two parts of the Schedule. Part I has non-agricultural employments whereas Part-II relates to employment in agriculture. Under the provisions of the Minimum Wages Act, 1948, both Central and State Governments are appropriate Governments to fix, review and revise the minimum wages of the workers employed in the scheduled employments under their respective jurisdictions.