Alexis de Tocquevilles Democracy in America :: American America History

Alexis de Tocquevilles Democracy in AmericaAlexis de Tocquevilles visit to the United States in the early part of the nineteenth century prompted his work Democracy in America, in which he expressed the ability to make democracy work. Throughout his travels Tocqueville mention that private interest and personal gain motivated the actions of most Americans, which in turn cultivated a strong sense of individualism. Tocqueville believed that this individualism would soon deplete the virtue of public life (395) and create a despotism of selfishness. This growth of despotism would be created by citizens becoming too individualistic, and thereof not bothering to converge their civic duties or exercise their freedom. Tocqueville feared that the political order of America would soon become aimed at the satisfaction of individual needs, rather than the greater good of society. Alexis de Tocqueville viewed mesh in public affairs, the growth of associations and newspapers, the principle of self-interest properly understood, and religion as the only means by which American democracy could combat the effectuate of individualism. Given that despots have every interest in keeping spate isolated, the individualism resulting from equality makes despotism a great danger to equality. Despotism... sees in the musical interval among men the surest guarantee of its continuance, and it usually makes every effort to keep them separate (399). Exercising freedom through participation in public affairs is therefore extremely vital because it gives people a personal interest in remembering about others in society. Local self-governments are important because they draw people together, and it is therefore more likely that they will exercise their liberty. Tocqueville states that as soon as a man begins to treat of public affairs in public, he begins to perceive that he is not so independent of his fellow men as he had first imagined, and that in order to obtain their support he mu st often lend them his cooperation (400). When people act together they frequently form dependencies on one another, especially when they are working for the good of the inherent community. Another means by which Tocqueville believes it is possible to contest individualism is to form associations and write newspapers. He believes that like local governments, associations help people to realize their dependence on their fellow citizens and take interest in public affairs. It is crucial to have institutions and civic duties which force people to look beyond their own interests and think about the problems of the community.